common ancestry
When a recent common ancestor is shared between two organisms, they are said to be closely related.
The process of common decent involving the formation of new species from an ancestral population.
natural selection
Individuals that are better adapted tend to survive and produce more offspring while the less well adapted tend to die or produce fewer offspring
Population
group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area
reproductive success
When a species produces a greater number of offspring that survive to reproductive age;
an individual's genetic contribution to the next generation
genetic variation
The variety of different types of genes in a species or population.
artificial selection
Selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in offspring
Charles Darwin
Wrote On the Origin of Species -Evolution by "natural selection" (the weaker die out)
allele frequency
How often an alternative form of a gene appears in a gene pool
Extinction
A species that no longer has any known living individuals.
geographic isolation
isolation between populations due to physical barriers