Founder Effect
occurs when a portion of a large population relocates and interbreed, thus only having those alleles expressed.
Gene Flow
The movement of alleles from one population to another
Bottleneck
occurs when an originally large population falls to just a few individuals
Genetic Drift
a change in the frequency of an allele due to the random effects of limited population size
Stabilizing Selection
maintains the status quo and acts against extremes
Balancing Selection
acts to maintain two or more alleles in a population
Directional Selection
leads to a change in trait overtime
Disruptive Selection
operates in favor of extremes and against intermediate forms