A thermally isolated system consists of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper. The aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact. The specific heat of aluminum is more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater amount o
Both experience the same magnitude of heat transfer.
Which of the following statements are true as a block of ice melts? Check all that apply.
- The temperature of the ice/water system remains constant.
- The temperature of the ice/water system increases.
- The temperature of the ice/water system decreases.
The temperature of the ice/water system remains constant.
Heat energy enters the ice/water system.
By which primary heat transfer mechanism does one end of a steel rod become hot when the other end is placed in a flame?
radiation
convection
conduction
conduction
By which primary heat transfer mechanism does a stove heat a pot of soup?
conduction
convection
radiation
convection
When you put an ice cube in a glass of warm tea, which of the following happens?
- Neither heat nor cold flows. Only temperature flows between the ice and the tea.
- Cold flows from the ice cube into the tea and heat flows from the tea into the ice cube.
Heat flows from the tea into the ice cube.
Both beakers A and B in the figure contain a mixture of ice and water at equilibrium. Beaker A has less ice than beaker B.
Which beaker is the coldest, or are they equal in temperature?
Beaker A.
Beaker B.
Equal
equal
A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper, with the aluminum and the copper in thermal contact. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the grea
It is impossible to tell without knowing the masses
Object 1 has three times the specific heat capacity and four times the mass of Object 2. The two objects are heated from the same initial temperature, T0, to the same final temperature Tf. During this process, if Object 1 absorbs heat Q, the amount of hea
1/12 Q
A solid cylindrical bar conducts heat at a rate of 25 W from a hot to a cold reservoir under steady state conditions. If both the length and the diameter of this bar are doubled, the rate at which it will conduct heat between these reservoirs will be
100
50W
Two metal rods are to be used to conduct heat from a region at 100�C to a region at 0�C as shown in the figure. The rods can be placed in parallel, as shown on the left, or in series, as on the right. When steady state flow is established, the heat conduc
less than the heat conducted with the rods in parallel.
An object having a fixed emissivity of 0.725 radiates heat at a rate of 10 W when it is at an absolute temperature T. If its temperature is doubled to 2T, at what rate will it now radiate?
80 W
320 W
20 W
160 W
40 W
160W
A 4.0-kg aluminum block is originally at 10�C. If 160 kJ of heat is added to the block, what is its final temperature? The specific heat capacity of aluminum is 910 J/kg � K.
54�C
34�C
44�C
24�C
54�C
If 150 kcal of heat raises the temperature of 2.0 kg of a material by 400 F�, what is the specific heat capacity of the material?
1.35 kcal/kg � C�
0.34 kcal/kg � C�
0.75 kcal/kg � C�
0.19 kcal/kg � C�
0.34 kcal/kg � C�
How much heat must be removed from 456 g of water at 25.0�C to change it into ice at -10.0�C? The specific heat of ice is 2090 J/kg � K, the latent heat of fusion of water is 33.5 � 104 J/kg, and the specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg � K.
47.7 kJ
210 kJ
210 kJ
The melting point of aluminum is 660�C, its latent heat of fusion is 4.00 � 105 J/kg, and its specific heat is 900J/kg � K. How much heat must be added to 500 g of aluminum originally at 27�C to completely melt it?
485 kJ
395 kJ
14 kJ
147 kJ
273 kJ
485 kJ
A lab assistant drops a 400.0-g piece of metal at 100.0�C into a 100.0-g aluminum cup containing 500.0 g of water at 15C. In a few minutes, she measures the final temperature of the system to be 40.0�C. What is the specific heat of the 400.0-g piece of me
2270 J/kg � K
A heat-conducting rod that is wrapped in insulation is constructed with a 0.15-m length of alloy A and a 0.40-m length of alloy B, joined end-to-end. Both pieces have cross-sectional areas of 0.0020 m2. The thermal conductivity of alloy B is known to be 1
84�C
A glass tea kettle containing 500 g of water is on the stove. The portion of the tea kettle that is in contact with the heating element has an area of 0.090 m2 and is 1.5 mm thick. At a certain moment, the temperature of the water is 75�C, and it is risin
77�C
A lab assistant pours 330 g of water at 45�C into an 855-g aluminum container that is at an initial temperature of 10�C. The specific heat of aluminum is 900 J/kg.K and that of water is 4186 J/kg � K. What is the final temperature of the system, assuming
32�C
What is the net power radiated by a little animal with a surface area of 0.075 m2 if his emissivity is 0.75, his skin temperature is 315 K, and he is in a room with a temperature of 290 K? (? = 5.67 � 10-8 W/m2 � K4)
18 W
8.0 W
8.8 W
6.0 W
15 W
8.8 W
What is the net power that a person with surface area of 1.20 m2 radiates if his emissivity is 0.895, his skin temperature is 27�C, and he is in a room that is at a temperature of 17�C? (? = 5.67 � 10-8 W/m2 � K4)
60.3 W
68.4 W
62.6 W
64.8 W
65.7 W
62.6 W
Some properties of a certain glass are listed here:
Density 2300 kg/m3
Specific heat capacity 840 J/kg � C�
Coefficient of thermal expansion 8.5 � 10-6 (C�)-1
Thermal conductivity 0.80 W/m � C�
A glass window pane is 2.7 m high, 2.4 m wide, and 9.0 mm thi
3.1 � 107 J
The water flowing over Niagara Falls drops a distance of 50 m. If all the gravitational potential energy is converted to thermal energy, by what temperature does the water rise? The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg � K.
0.12 C�
0.37 C�
0.42 C�
0.10 C�
0.12 C�
When a gas expands adiabatically,
- it does no work.
- the internal (thermal) energy of the gas increases.
- the internal (thermal) energy of the gas decreases.
-work is done on the gas.
- the temperature of the gas remains constant.
the internal (thermal) energy of the gas decreases.
An ideal gas is compressed isobarically to one-third of its initial volume. The resulting pressure will be
- equal to the initial value.
- nine times the initial value.
- more than three times as large as the initial value.
- three times as large as the i
equal to the initial value..
The process shown on the TV graph in the figure is an
isothermal compression.
adiabatic compression.
isobaric compression.
isochoric compression.
isothermal compression.
A gas is taken through the cycle shown in the pV diagram in the figure. During one cycle, how much work is done by the gas?
p0V0
4 p0V0
2 p0V0
3 p0V0
3 p0V0
A certain gas is compressed adiabatically. The amount of work done on the gas is 800 J. What is the change in the internal (thermal) energy of the gas?
0 J
800 J
400 J
-800 J
More information is needed to answer this question.
800J
A cyclic process is carried out on an ideal gas such that it returns to its initial state at the end of a cycle, as shown in the pV diagram in the figure. If the process is carried out in a clockwise sense around the enclosed area, as shown on the figure,
is zero
The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude that
- it is theoretically possible to convert heat into work with 100% efficiency.
- the total energy of the universe is constant.
- disorder in the universe is increasing with the passage of time.
-
disorder in the universe is increasing with the passage of time.
The figure shows a pV diagram for 8.3 g of ideal nitrogen gas N2 in a sealed container. The temperature of state 1 is 59�C, the atomic mass of the nitrogen atom is 14 g/mol, and R = 8.31 J/mol � K. What are (a) pressure p1 and (b) temperature T2?
(a) 14 a
(a) 81 atm, (b) 660�C
By which primary heat transfer mechanism does the Sun warm Earth?
radiation
conduction
convection
radiation
Radiation is emitted
- only by objects that have a large specific heat.
- only by objects with more caloric than their -surroundings.
- by any object not at 0 K.
- only by glowing objects such as the Sun.
- only by objects whose temperature is greater tha
by any object not at 0 K.
A typical thermos bottle has a thin vacuum space between the shiny inner flask (which holds a liquiand the shiny protective outer flask, often stainless steel. The vacuum space is excellent at preventing
- conduction, convection, and radiation.
- radiatio
conduction and convection.
It has been a hot summer, so when you arrive at a lake, you decide to go for a swim even though it is nighttime. The water is cold! The next day, you go swimming again during the hottest part of the day, and even though the air is warmer the water is stil
Water has a high specific heat
Which of the following happens when a material undergoes a phase change?
- The chemical composition changes.
- The temperature changes.
- Heat flows into or out of the material.
- The molecules break apart into atoms.
Heat flows into or out of the material.
One end of a 58-cm-long copper rod with a diameter of 2.8 cm is kept at 480 ?C, and the other is immersed in water at 22 ?C. Calculate the heat conduction rate along the rod.
Q/t =
180 J/s
To what temperature will 7300 J of heat raise 3.5 kg of water that is initially at 18.0 ?C? The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg?C?.
18.5 C
How much heat (in joules) is required to raise the temperature of 35.0 kg of water from 20 ?C to 85 ?C? The specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg?C?.
9.5�10^6 J
What is the specific heat of a substance if 130 kJ of heat is needed to raise 6.1 kg of the substance from 18.0 ?C to 37.2 ?C?
c = 1100 J/kg?C?
A piece of iron of mass 0.12 kg is taken from an oven where its temperature is 336�C and quickly placed in an insulated copper can that contains 0.20 kg of water. The copper can has mass 0.50 kg, and it and the water in it are originally at a temperature
36C