The ____ motive explains the fact that people want to experience pleasure rather than pain.
Hedonic
_______ are beliefs about the causes used to explain events, situations, and characteristics.
attributions
The single best predictor of aggression is ___.
gender
Getting to know other people is a process known as ____.
social cognition
An attitude towards a particular group or member of a particular group, based on characteristics which are assumed to be common to all members of the group defines ___.
prejudice
Acts of aggression are more likely to occur on hot days when people are feeling irritated and uncomfortable due to ____.
The frustration-aggression hypothesis
___ is a situational factor that influences attraction.
proximity
The major factors of interpersonal attraction are
proximity, similarity, and physical attractiveness
Before going into a group discussion about smoking, I believe smoking is unhealthy. After deliberations, I believe smoking should be banned.
group polarization
The tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person's behavior was caused by the situation is referred to as ____.
correspondence bias, a fundamental attribution error, the self-serving bias
There is nothing altruistic about reciprocal altruism
true
We marry "ourselves" or someone we see as ___.
being extraordinary with a small flaw
Information known before a discussion by most people and more strongly influences the group's judgment is known as ___.
common knowledge effect
Men and women are basically alike in terms of personality, cognitive ability and leadership
true
Conformity
Asch
Obedience
Milgram
Stereotype threat
Elliott
Social Role
Zimbardo
Motivations that make us susceptible to social influence involve __.
seek pleasure; avoid pain, be accepted; avoid rejection, believe what is right; avoid believing what is wrong, seek knowledge; avoid ignorance
The fact that when we are in a relationship, we want our cost-benefit to be about the same as our partner's is known as___.
equity
___ occurs when we change our behavior, or act in a way that isn't typical because we are following instructions/ orders from someone we believe to be an authority figure,
obedience
The practice of gourmet restaurants charging outrageous amounts to keep their patrons coming back demonstrates the use of this social psychology concept.
cognitive dissonance
The Prisoner's dilemma game illustrates___.
the cost and benefits of cooperation
Approximately___ adults with a mental illness didn't receive mental health services in the previous year.
50-60%
Comorbidity of disorders refers to the presence of
two or more disorders in one person
These neurotransmitters are associated with the cause and course of major depressive disorder
serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
A disorder affecting conscious awareness is most likely ___.
a mood disorder
Individuals diagnosed with ___ are likely to feel a sense of emptiness, become easily angered, and maintain intense and unstable relationships.
borderline personality disorder
In the United States, approximately ___ od adults will meet the criteria to be diagnosed with a psychological disorder.
50%
Manic episodes lasting at least 7 days (or those that are so severe that the person needs immediate hospital care); depressive episodes lasting at least 2 weeks (usually) are symptoms of ___.
Bipolar I Disorder
Mental illnesses are common in the United States. Nearly ___ U.S. adults live with a mental illness.
one in five
Clinician's working hypothesis about the condition of the patient is based on ___.
the patient's symptoms
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was first published in ___.
1952
Shawn has lost interest in her friends, family, and hobbies, she also has difficulty sleeping, Shawn is having symptoms consistent with ___.
a mood disorder
Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning are characteristic symptoms of ___.
personality disorders
___ is an emotional response to a known or definite threat; ___ is the result of an unknown or vague threat.
fear; anxiety
Excessive, constant, unsubstantiated worry is consistent with ___.
generalized anxiety disorder
The conception of psychological disorders as diseases is referred to as ___.
the medical model
Anxiety disorder is differentiated from "regular" anxiety in all the following ways, except ___.
the effect it has on others
Agoraphobia is a specific phobia including fear of trains and crowded places.
false
Accepted theories about the etiology of mental illness include all of the following, except ___.
cognitive components
___ are irrational, intrusive, and unwelcome thoughts; ___ are time-consuming mental or physical actions.
obsessions; compulsions
A person diagnosed with an anxiety disorder is most likely to ___.
exhibit maladaptive behaviors in an effort to reduce anxiety
A women with schizophrenia reports hearing voices telling her to travel to Washing D.C. and wait for instructions, These are the symptoms of a/an ___.
hallucination
Which of the following is NOT a reason that people fail to get treatment for mental illness?
Levels of impairment for people with mental illness are comparable to or higher than those of people with chronic medical issues
Mindfulness meditation is a strategy included in ___ therapy.
cognitive
___ therapy emphasizes action on the part of the client, as well as complete transparency as to specifics to the treatment.
cognitive behavioral
Psychotherapy focuses on the mind; medical and biological methods focus on the brain and body.
true
Atypical antipsychotic drugs ___.
actin on both dopamine and serotonin systems
Roger's Client-centered therapy includes the following key concepts
therapeutic alliance, congruence of the ideal and real self, the use of unconditional positive regard
The Eugenics Movement led to the sterilization of more than 60,000 American's to "prevent procreation of confirmed criminals, idiots, imbeciles, rapists, feeble-minded, and epileptics.
true
Effective treatment options for the fear of heights (acrophobia) include:
cognitive behavioral therapy, virtual reality, exposure therapy, behavioral therapy
Antipsychotic drugs were first used to treat symptoms of ___.
schizophrenia
The typical psychotherapy client is better off than three-quarters of untreated individuals.
true
Examining the failure to reach one's potential reflects the ___ approach; examining one's failure to find meaning in life reflects the ___ approach.
humanistic; existential
An exposure hierarchy is effective in the treatment of ___.
social phobia
Antidepressant medications have the strongest effect on people with ___ depression.
severe
Eclectic psychotherapy ___.
draws on techniques from different forms of therapy
Treatment of anxiety disorders may involve all of the following
an anxiety hierarchy, psychotherapy, and medication, progressive muscle relaxation
The primary goal of ___ therapy is to replace maladaptive behaviors with more effective positive behaviors.
behavioral
The different psychodynamic therapies all share an emphasis on ___.
developing insight into the unconscious sources of psychological disorders
The ___ perspective of treatment focuses on identifying and modifying distorted thinking and erroneous beliefs.
cognitive
The common feature of psychotherapy today is ___.
creating a therapeutic relationship
Releasing thousands of individuals from mental institutions describes ___.
the process of deinstitutionalization