What was one advantage to forming a protectorate?
- It did not require a large commitment of military forces.
- It was self-sufficient and practiced direct rule.
- It was able to monitor the sphere of influence for the monarch.
- It was a center for conve
CORRECT: It did not require a large commitment of military forces.
EXPLANATION: A protectorate cost less to run than a colony did, and usually did not require a large commitment of military forces.
In a(n) __________, local rulers were left in place but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors on certain issues.
- prestige
- protectorate
- sphere of influence
- imperialism
CORRECT: protectorate
EXPLANATION: In a protectorate, local rulers were left in place but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity.
Which phrase best describes the term sphere of influence?
- a sense of national pride and aggressive foreign policy
- an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges
- the power to impress or influence because of succes
CORRECT: an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges
EXPLANATION: A sphere of influence is an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges. It was a form of Western imperial contr
Behind the idea of the West's civilizing mission was a growing sense of racial superiority, rooted in the ideas of
- prestige.
- imperialism.
- Social Darwinism.
- protectorate.
CORRECT: Social Darwinism.
EXPLANATION: Many Westerners had embraced the ideas of Social Darwinism, applying Darwin's ideas about natural selection and survival of the fittest to human societies.
How did humanitarianism play a part in the building of overseas empires?
- many colonial peoples felt it was their duty to love the Western powers as brothers and allow them to control their countries
- many missionaries, doctors and colonial officials be
CORRECT: many missionaries, doctors and colonial officials believed they had a duty to spread the "blessings" of Western civilization
EXPLANATION: Many Westerners believed they had a duty to spread their civilization to those "less fortunate," and they br
Western leaders felt that ruling a global empire increased a nation's __________ around the world.
- imperialism
- prestige
- protectorate
- sphere of influence
CORRECT: prestige
EXPLANATION: Western leaders felt that ruling a global empire increased a nation's prestige, or its power to impress or influence because of success or wealth, around the world.
European __________ began long before the 1800s, but movements into Africa and Asia marked a new age of expansion.
- sphere of influence
- protectorate
- prestige
- imperialism
CORRECT: imperialism
EXPLANATION: European imperialism began long before the 1800s, but movements into Africa and Asia marked a new age of expansion. Imperialism is the domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another coun
What weapon helped the Europeans subdue resistant non-Western colonies?
- the cannon
- the Maxim machine gun
- the bayonet
- the submarine
CORRECT: the Maxim machine gun
EXPLANATION: European advances in weaponry, in particular the Maxim machine gun and repeating rifle, convinced many Asian and Africans to accept Western control.
How did French and British imperial rule differ?
- the British left the "natives" in ignorance while the French insisted on educating their colonies
- the French ruled democratically while the British imposed military rule
- the British took on much of th
CORRECT: the French practiced direct rule while the British practiced indirect rule
EXPLANATION: The French practiced direct rule, while the British relied on a system of indirect rule, using sultans, chiefs, or other local rulers as governors.
How was Social Darwinism used as a reason for imperialist expansion?
- The slave trade had undermined established empires and kingdoms in Africa, and survival of the fittest no longer applied to their people.
- Manufacturers wanted access to natural resou
CORRECT: Westerners argued that European races were superior to others and imperial domination was nature's way of improving the species.
EXPLANATION: Social Darwinism gave many a reason to believe in racial superiority, and imperialists applied Darwin's