Where are Merkel cells located?
stratum germinativum
Dying grain-like cells that move up towards the skin's surface are found in which layer?
stratum granulosum
This type of lesion evolves from a papule and contains bacterial fluid and pus:
pustule
Benign growths or moles have what shape?
regular and symmetrical
What is meant by the term "true skin"?
dermis
This ingredient that releases oxygen and is used to dry and exfoliate the skin is called:
benzoyl peroxide
Common malignant lesions that appear translucent, have irregular borders and tiny blood vessels running through them are known as:
basal cell carcinoma
A furuncle involves how many hair follicles?
one
Which of the following receptors report deep pressure and pain? Thermoreceptors, Ruffini's Corpuscles, Meissner's Corpuscles, or Pacinian Corpuscles.
Pacinian Corpuscles
Which of the following is composed of hard keratin? Skin, bones, fingernails, or epidermis.
fingernails
An opening in the skin that contains the root of a hair within it is called a:
Hair follicle
What is the term used to identify the skin's natural aging process?
intrinsic aging
A skin condition or disorder influenced by weather changes is called a:
seasonal disease
The technical name for warts is:
verruca
An inflammation that causes severe itching, usually on undamaged skin, is known as which of the following conditions?
pruritus
A pathogenic bacteria or vinus entering the body and multiplying to the point of interfering with the body's normal state causes a(n):
infection
Which cells protect the layers of the skin found below the stratum corneum?
squamous
Sebum mixes with the secretions of the sweat glands, creating a layer of oil and moisture called the:
acid mantle
What type of exfoliation is a process that uses an abrasive action combined with a product?
mechanical exfoliation
What sudoriferous gland disorder is an acute burning, itching rash caused by heat?
miliaria rubra
A common pigmentation disorder in pregnant women is known as melasma or:
chloasma
Of the following categories, which is NOT a condition of the skin? Acne, rashes, excretion, or pigmentation disorders.
excretion
Water mixed with salt and other chemicals that have built up in the body is called:
sweat
What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
stratum germinativum
What is a highly contagious viral infection that causes an eruptive, blister-like clusters around the mouth, nose or genital area?
Herpes Simplex
Where are mast cells located?
Dermis
Which of the following is a harmless sebaceous cyst or tumor? Wart, verruca, steatoma, or furuncle.
steatoma
A solid formation above the skin, often caused by insect bites or an allergic reaction is called a(n):
wheal
What function of the integumentary system changes blood flow to maintain an internal body temperature of 98.6 degrees?
regulation
Which of the following malignant growths is an irregular, crusted, red papule that occurs in sun exposed areas of the skin? Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, pre-malignant growths, or squamous cell carcinoma.
squamous cell carcinoma
A swelling of tissue or skin caused by an excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissue is called:
edema
The ridges that provide the palms of the hands and soles of the feet with traction are called:
whorls
Which term refers to the study of the skin's structure, functions, diseases and treatments? Histology, optometry, physiology, or dermatology.
dermatology
Smoking and alcohol are the factors causing what type of aging?
extrinsic
Which of the following rashes exhibits redness and scaly pinkish-yellow patches that have an oily appearance? Atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis.
seborrheic dermatitis
Microphage cells perform which of the following functions?
fight infections
What is the transparent layer of the epidermis that is thickest on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?
stratum lucidum
Which term identifies the tiny passageways that allow sweat or oil to pass through the surface of the skin? Pores, organs, follicles, or muscle.
pores
Sebaceous glands continually produce and secrete:
sebum
A non-contagious infection that produces hypopigmented areas found on the neck, chest, back and arms is known as:
tinea versicolor
Which of the following sensory cells report pressure and pain?
Krause's end bulbs
Of the following skin layer components, which is NOT one of the four main receptors for sensation in the dermal layer? Eccrine glands, Ruffini's corpuscles, Krause's End bulbs, or Meissner's Corpuscles.
Eccrine glands
What is the body's largest waste removal system?
skin
Which of the following medical terms refers to a contagious fungal disease also known as ringworm? Tinea, warts, verruca, or Candida albicans.
tinea
Which of the following lesions is a dried mass that is the remnants of an oozing sore? Crust, scale, ulcer, or fissure.
crust
What is the substance that binds, adds structural strength and mediates biochemical interactions between cells?
intercellular cement
Which of the following body components hold bones to other bones to form joints? Muscles, tendons, cartilage, or ligaments.
ligaments
In the superficial layers of the epidermis, all cells are:
dead
Which of the following types of acne is mild and consists of open and closed comedones scattered around the face or back? Grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, or grade 4.
Grade 1
Soft keratin makes up which of the following body component(s)?
skin
Which layer of the epidermis is also called the basal layer?
stratum germinativum
A hereditary rash or inflammation characterized by dry, sensitive, iritated skin is called a(n):
atopic dermatitis
What are eccrine glends primarily responsible for?
thermoregulation
What is the connective tissue that prevents the rubbing of tissue against joints?
cartilage
Which of the following epidermal layers have intercellular connections that provide strength and support between cells? Stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, or stratum germinativum.
stratum spinosum
The body structures composed of two or more different types of tissue are called:
organs
Which of the following is an inheritable skin disease that produces an excess of thick, scaly, silvery skin patches surrounded by a red area? Hives, herpes simplex, psoriasis, or seborrheic dermatitis.
psoriasis
Which of the following does NOT describe a layer of the skin? Dermis, keratin, epidermis, or subcutaneous layer.
keratin
The integumentary system is made up of which of the following components?
skin and its layers
What is another name for baby acne?
milia
Which of the following tissue types connect muscles to bones? Tendons, cartilage, collagen, or ligaments.
tendons
Of the following, which is NOT a pigmentation disorder? nevus, lentigo, anhidrosis, or leukoderma.
anhidrosis
According to the Fitzpatrick phototype scale, which skin type almost always burns and tans minimally?
type II
What do sudoriferous glands produce?
sweat
Sebaceous glands originate from which of the following skin areas?
dermis
Predicting the probable course and outcome of a condition, disorder or disease is known as a:
prognosis
Which pigmentation disorder is commonly known as a birthmark?
nevus
The toughest layer of the epidermis is called:
stratum corneum
What is the name of a substance that causes an allergy?
allergen
An open secondary lesion visible on the skin's surface that may result in the loss of portions of the dermis is a(n):
ulcer
All of the following are factors that affect the average rate of cell turnover EXCEPT: age, height, treatments, or skin conditions.
height
What protein substance that, when broken down, forms bundles that strengthen and give structure to the skin?
collagen
Keratin is a form of which of the following substances?
protein
The study of the skin's functions is referred to as:
skin physiology
What gives skin its color?
melanocytes
What is a chronic inflammatory condition in which the small capillaries become dilated and inflamed?
rosacea
An overproduction of perspiration caused by excessive heat or general body weakness is known as:
hyperhidrosis
Which of the following cell types carry lymph? fibroblast, lymphocytes, microphages, or macrophages.
lymphocytes
Dry, scaly skin caused by reduced sebum production is known as xerosis or:
asteatosis
Which layer of the skin is located below the dermis and composed primarily of adipose (fatty) tissue?
subcutaneous
What is a change in the structure of the skin tissue called?
lesion
A secondary lesion that identifies the shedding of dead skin cells on the uppermost layer of the epidermis is a(n):
scale
What cells cover and protect the inside of the body?
Epithelial
A health condition that is created or influenced by the employment environment is considered a(n):
occupational disorder
All of the following are the functions of the skin EXCEPT: secretion, protection, absorption, or excoriation.
excoriation
A male hormone found in both men and women that influences the amount of sebum produced is called:
androgen
Which of the following types of cells connect the dermis to the epidermis? basal, adipose, langerhans, or hemidesmosomes.
hemidesmosomes
This term describes a disease that is active internally throughout the body system:
systemic disease
Apocrine glands are located on all of the following body parts EXCEPT: the nipples, the genitals, under the arms, or the soles of the feet.
the soles of the feet
Which of the following cells are located in the dermis and respond to allergies by releasing histamines? mast, merkel, fibroblast, or langerhans.
mast
All of the following are considered to be appendages (extensions) of the skin EXCEPT: hair and nails, endocrine glands, sebaceous glands, or sudoriferous glands.
endocrine glands
Which of the following is another name for a vesicle? cyst, pustule, papule, or blister.
blister
A complex mixture of fatty acids that keeps the skin soft, supple and pliable is called:
sebum
Eccrine glands are abundant in all of the following areas EXCEPT: forehead, under the arms, soles of the feet, or palms of the hands.
under the arms
The process of product absorption into the skin is referred to as:
transdermal penetration
Acne can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT: genetics, emotional stress, hormonal changes, or eating too much chocolate.
eating too much chocolate
What is the largest organ of the body?
skin
Candida albicans is a common skin infection caused by:
yeast
An open follicle plugged with a black surface plug that has been oxidized is called a:
blackhead
A fibrous protein which prevents skin from sagging is called:
elastin