Atomic Number
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Mass Number
The number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus.
Radioactive Decay
The release of particles and energy from the nucleus.
Transmutation
When particles leave the nucleus and change the atom into a different element.
Smoke Detection
Where does transmutation occur in your home?
Alpha Decay
2 protons, 2 neutrons, and energy leave the nucleus
Beta Decay
1 neutron splits into an electron and a proton; the electron and energy leave the nucleus
Half-Life
The amount of time needed for half of an element sample to decay.
Tracer Elements
Radioactive isotopes made of stable elements with very short half-lives; used to detect disease and study environmental effects.
Particle Accelerator
Technology that allows scientists to make man-made elements