Cult. Anthro Chp. 9

The gap in education and income between American wives and husbands is

narrowing, with a higher percentage of married women today having better educations and higher earnings than similar women had in 1970

For the first time in U.S. history, the 2010 census counted gay couples as married even if they are not legally married. In 2000, they could only designate themselves as

unmarried partners" living in the same household

What is sexual dimorphism?

differences in male and female biology besides the contrasts in breasts and genitals

The traits that a culture assigns to and inculcates in males and females are known as

gender

In foraging societies, when do men and women have roughly equal status?

when the public and domestic spheres are not sharply divided

Which of the following statements regarding the domestic-public dichotomy is not true?

It is most pronounced in foraging societies.

Which of the following statements about gender in foraging societies is not true?

Because there is a strict division of labor according to gender, men never engage in food gathering and women never hunt or fish

Which of the following statements about matrilineal, matrilocal societies is not true?

In matrilineal and matrilocal societies, while women have considerable influence beyond the household, men still control the land and are the sole benefactors of family inheritance.

A political system ruled by men in whom women have inferior social and political status, including basic human rights, is known as

patriarchy

Which of the following is not part of the patrilineal-patrilocal complex?

reduced gender stratification

What part of Papua New Guinea is known for having strong male-female avoidance?

the densely populated highlands

Which of the following statements about Etoro sexuality is not true?

Heterosexual sex took place in the residence of the wife's family

Which of the following did not occur with the advent of agriculture?

Women began to assert themselves in extradomestic contexts.

The Betsileo illustrate

the idea that intensive agriculture does not necessarily entail sharp gender stratification

When did the idea that "a woman's place is in the home" develop in the United States?

around 1900

Which of the following is not a factor contributing to the worldwide increase in female-headed households?

lower divorce rates

Which of the following statements concerning human sexuality is not true?

All societies consider same-sex sexual activity to be abnormal and unacceptable.

Sexual dimorphism refers to differences in male and female biology besides the contrasts in breasts and genitals.

true

Gender is a biological reality

false

Gender stratification refers to oversimplified but strongly held ideas about the characteristics of males and females.

false

Women tend to be the primary child caregivers in most societies, but men often play a role

true

During World War II, the notion that women were biologically unfit for hard physical labor became firmly established in the United States.

false

Consider this quote: "The biological nature of men and women [should be seen] not as a narrow enclosure limiting the human organism, but rather as a broad base upon which a variety of structures can be built." Which of the following best describes this qu

The quote reflects the predominant anthropological position on sex/gender roles and biology

Hidatsa women made boats, and Pawnee women worked wood. These two cases suggest that:

There are exceptions to cross-cultural generalizations about the kinds of work men and women usually do in different societies

Among foragers:

the lack of a clear domestic- public dichotomy is related to relatively weak gender stratification

Which of the following statements about gender status and power in horticultural societies is false?

matriarchy describes systems in which the women hold superior power to, and rule, the men

which of the following is false about gender roles and statuses among horticulturalists?

the advent of agriculture in horticultural societies gave women a further advantage in the prestige hierarchy

in which kind of society do anthropologists most typically find female genital operations, warfare, female infanticide, and dowry murders

patrilineal-patrilocal

the idea that "a woman's place is in the home":

emerged in the united states as industrialism spread after 1900

in comparing gender roles and status in different societies, we can say that the following is true:

generally, women's status is relatively high among horticulturalists with matrilineal descent and matrilocal residence

the feminization of poverty" means that:

women and their children are increasingly represented among the world's poorest people

all the following are key ideas to take away from this chapter's discussion of sexual orientation except:

there is conclusive scientific evidence that sexual orientation is genetically determined