Reconstruction
the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union
Presidential Reconstruction
was the President Lincoln's idea of reconstruction : all states had to end slavery, states had to declare that their secession was illegal, and men had to pledge their loyalty to the U.S.
Ten Percent Plan
Lincolns plan that allowed a southern state to form a new government after 10 % of its voters swore loyalty to the United States
Radical Republicans
These were a small group of people in 1865 who supported black suffrage. They were led by Senator Charles Sumner and Congressman Thaddeus Stevens. They supported the abolition of slavery and a demanding reconstruction policy during the war and after.
Wade-Davis Bill
an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy; Lincoln refused to sign this bill thinking it was too harsh.
Amnesty
a general pardon for an offense against a government; in general, any act of forgiveness or absolution
The 13th Amendment
the amendment proposed by Andrew Johnson that prohibitied slavery in the USA
Joint Committee on Reconstruction
the situation in the South left Northerners wondering why they had gone to war since blacks were essentially being re-enslaved, and so many moderates began rejecting Johnson's plan and create this. It said that by seceding, the southern states had forfeit
Black Codes
laws passed in the South just after the Civil War aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit African American workers
Thaddeus Stevens
A radical Republican who believed in harsh punishments for the South. Leader of the radical Republicans in Congress.
Charles Sumner
Radical Republican against the slave power who insults Andrew Butler and subsequently gets caned by Preston Brooks
Freedman's Bureau
The bureau's focus was to provide food, medical care, administer justice, manage abandoned and confiscated property, regulate labor, and establish schools for freed blacks
The 14th Amendment
civil war amendment passed in 1868. Designed to free slaves and protect their rights at citizens. Protects rights against state infringements, defines citizenship, prohibits states from interfering with privileges and immunities, requires due process and
Radical Reconstruction
Was a period in United States history, 1863-1877, that resolved the issues of the American Civil War when both the Confederacy and its system of slavery were destroyed
The Reconstruction Act of 1867
This act established a temporary military government in ten Confederate states and required them to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment and permit freedmen to vote.
Carpetbaggers
A northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states;
Scalawag
white Southerner supporting Reconstruction policies after the Civil War usually for self-interest
Tenure of Office Act of 1867
It was a measure passed by Congress in 1867 that prohibited the president from dismissing anyone whose appointment had required the consent of the Senate unless the Senate agreed to the dismissal. Passed because Johnson would violate it, it started the im
Edwin Stanton
served as the secretary of war under Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. He refused to leave after Johnson fired him, thus starting the impeachment process.
Impeach
legal process to formally charge the president with misconduct in office
William Seward
Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. By purchasing Alaska, he expanded the territory of the country at a reasonable price.
The 15th Amendment
Grant's admin. Also saw this last major piece of Reconstruction legislation; ratified in 1870 - guaranteed that no citizen may be denied the right to vote "by the United States or any other state on the account of race, color, or previous condition o
Bourbon Reconstruction
the reconsrction was led by conservitave southerners called "redeemers
Samuel J. Tilden
Hayes' opponent in the 1876 presidential race, he was the Democratic nominee who had gained fame for putting Boss Tweed behind bars. He collected 184 of the necessary 185 electoral votes.
Ruthford B. Hayes
Ran against Samuel Tilden in the election of 1876 and won the election with the electoral votes, not the popular votes.
Sharecropping
system in which landowners leased a few acres of land to farmworkers in return for a portion of their crops
New South
The term has been used with different applications in mind. The original use of the term "New South" was an attempt to describe the rise of a South after the Civil War which would no longer be dependent on now-outlawed slave labor or predominantly upon th
Mill Towns
People in NE began to weaving cloth to selll. Young Women began to work these jobs with hopes of getting ahead. However, they tended to not make much money. Many were injured in the dangerous mill machines.
Ku Klux Klan
founded in the 1860s in the south; meant to control newly freed slaves through threats and violence; other targets: Catholics, Jews, immigrants and others thought to be un-American
White League
organization established to restore political power to the pre-Civil War white democrats and did not hesitate to use violence to achieve that end