1st semester World History exam review part 2

A place where monks live to study and serve God

monastery

religious officials

clergy

system of government based on the exchange of land for protection and services

feudalism

a code of behavior knights were expected to follow

chivalry

the organized effort to drive the Muslims out of Spain

Reconquista

The Church court used in Spain to persecute Jews and Muslims

Inquisition

The English king who led the Third Crusade

Richard the Lionhearted

Carolingian leader who reunited Western Europe and was crowned emperor by pope

Charlemagne

Inspired by visions she claimed were from God, she saved France from the English

Joan of Arc

Monk who wrote rules that governed monastic life

Benedict

Founder of the Franciscan order of friars

St. Francis of Assisi

A scholar and philosopher who argued religious truths could be reached by logic

Thomas Aquinas

the most famous and respected Muslim leader of his age; fought in Third Crusade

Saladin

Explosion of creativity, art, thought

Renaissance

To set aside, cancel, or end

annul

intellectual movement focused on human achievements

Humanism

a financial supporter of artists

patron

meaning worldly, an opposite of this word is religious

secular

a movement for religious reform that challenged the Pope's authority

Reformation

a pardon releasing a person from penalty of a sin

indulgence

rule by religious leaders

theocracy

The idea that God chooses who will be saved

predestination

a way to show three dimensions on a flat surface

perspective

Inventor of the printing press

Johann Gutenberg

One of Henry VIII's daughters, ruled England from 1558 to 1603

Elizabeth I

Declared himself head of the English Church

Henry VIII

I wrote the 95 Theses, launching the Reformation

Martin Luther

My work was performed at London's Globe Theater

William Shakespeare

Famous for painting Sistine Chapel

Michelangelo

Famous for painting Last Supper and Mona Lisa

Leonardo da Vinci

Signed by Spain and Portugal dividing up the Americas

Treaty of Tordesillas

Chinese explorer who made 7 voyages of the Indian Ocean

Zheng He

Warrior-chieftains in Japan who became lords

Daimyo

Spanish conquerors

conquistadors

lands controlled by another nation

colonies

mixed Spanish and Native American

mestizos

middle leg of the transatlantic trade

middle passage

global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas

Columbian Exchange

investors would buy shares of stock in a company

joint-stock company

Theory that a country's power depended mainly on its wealth

mercantilism

Group of people who founded a second English colony at Plymouth

Pilgrims

A group of people who sought religious freedom from England's Anglican church

Puritans