The first african american us senator
Hiram Revels
led the fight against the compromise of 1850
John C. Calhoun
The union general who burned a path of destruction through Georgia
William T. Sherman
Wrote a novel that incited protests against the Fugitive Slave Act
Harriet Beecher Stowe
General who surrendered the confederate army to union forces
Robert E. Lee
Conductor of the underground railroad
Harriet Tubman
General who won at Vicksburg and became commander of all union armies
Ulysses S. Grant
US senator who debated Abraham Lincoln on slavery in the territories
stephen douglas
What marked the end of the wars between the federal government and the Plains Indians
Battle of Wounded Knee
Why did the policy of treating the Great Plains as a huge reservation change?
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What things were central to the life and culture of the plains indians in the 1800s
horses and buffalo and family life
Why did little of the free land offered by the Homestead Act end up being claimed by settlers?
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What was responsible for bringing an end to the era of the wide-open western frontier?
Barbed wire
Why did Plains farmers in the late 1800s tend to support bimetallism?
because they were worth 2-4 million, which was enough for the farmers to buy.
What marked the collapse of populism?
McKinley's election
Invented the typewriter
Christopher Latham Sholes
First successfully used a steam engine to remove oil from beneath the earth's surface
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ran the american railway union and later ran for president several times as a socialist
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Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits
Andrew Carnegie
Created trust and was criticized as a robber baron while serving as head of the standard oil company
John D. Rockefeller
Perfected the incandescent light bulb, created an electrical power system, and organized power plants
Thomas Edison
Develop a cheap and effective manufacturing process for making steel
H. Bessemer
Open the way for worldwide communications with invention of the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
The main goal of the Chinese Exclusion Act
decease chinese immigration
Goal of the Americanization movement
Assimilate people of various cultures into dominate cultures
How did the row house conserved space
sharing sidewalks with other buildings
settlement houses were founded in the late 1800s by
social reformers
The illegal use of political influence for personal gain is called
Graft
Tammy Hall was the name of
A new york city political machine
What is patronage
appointing a friends to a political position
The Pendleton Civil Service Act required
applicants for government jobs to pass examinations
The inventor of the popular roll-film camera was
George Eastman
In Chicago,__________opened the first department store in the nation
Marshall Fields
The landscape architect_______led the movement for planned urban parks
Fredric Law Olmsted
According to______, educated blacks should immediately join the mainstream of society.
GW B. Dubois
The first powered airplane was developed by
Orville and Wilbur
Novelist and humorist________wrote books that have become American classics.
Mark Twain
The Tuskegee Institute was founded by________to help African Americans develop useful job skills
Booker T. Washington
Competing with Joseph Pulitzer,________published sensational stories in his newspaper
William Randolph Heart
Reform movement that sought to return control of the government to the people
progressivism
An advocate for improving the lives of women and children during the progressive era
Florence Kelley
Muckraking journalist who exposed the terrible conditions of the meatpacking industry
Upton Sinclair
The term used to describe the progressive reforms of president theodore roosevelt
square deal
watchdog agency given the power to stop unfair business practices
federal trade commission
President whose actions split the Republican party after he angered both progressives and conservationists
William H. Taft
A plan that reformed how American banks were organized
Federal Reserve system
What stimulated US imperialism
a need for new markets
Whish country's residents became citizens of the united states in 1917?
Puerto Rico
Who told the artist Federic Remington, "You furnish the picture and I'll furnish the war"?
William Randolph Hearst
What action did Theodore Roosevelt do to win the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize?
negotiation. an end to the war between Russia and Japan
The Boxer Rebellion
chinese revolt
What did the united states insist that cuba include in its constitution
Platt Amendment
On what did Roosevelt Corollary build?
Monroe Doctrine
What was included in the de Lome letter?
criticisms of president McKinley
What war ended with the Treaty of Paris of 1898
Spanish-American war
.
.
Causes of WWI
Nationalism, Imperialism, militarism, alliance system, assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Where did the assassination that triggered WWI occur?
Bosnia
What caused widespread starvation in germany during WWI?
british blockade
How did the US overcame the threat of German U-boats?
using groups of granded ships convoy system
Result of the selective service act?
men were required to register to military service
Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in WWI
airplanes and tanks
Natioins of the "Big Four"?
US, Great Britain, France, Italy
Who rejected Wilson's "Fourteen Points" peace plan?
Allied leaders
What reason did senators give for opposing US membership in the League of Nations?
drag the US into european conflicts
Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were charged with and convicted of
Robbery and Murder
The immigration policies of the 1920s limited immigration from what countries
Japan and Italy
Who was Mitchell Palmer?
Attorney General in the 1920s
During the 1920s, what happened to union membership?
it dropped
The first practical peacetime use of airplanes
carrying mail
the main factor causing urban sprawl in the 1920s
automobile
What was the Teapot Dome scandal?
oil-rich lands given w/ bribes
The Fordney-McCumber Tariff
raised taxes on goods entering the US
To protect their own interests, employers often accused striking workers of being
communists
Why was it difficult to enforce the laws governing prohibition?
prohibition banned only alcoholic beverages manufactured
The Harlem Renaissance refers to
celebration of afro-american culture in literature and art
John T. Scopes challenged a tennessee law that forbade the teaching of
evolution
What did fundamentalists believe
the bible should be taken literally
Double-Standard" refers to
stricter social and moral standards for women than for men
F. Scott Fitzgerald described the 1920s at this
the jazz age
What did the NAACP do?
fight for legislation, abolish the crisis, worked with anti lynching organizations
What happened to farmers debts in the 1920s?
increased
Causes of the Great Depression
Stock market crash; consumer debt and spending
Causes of the Dust Bowl
Overproduction & Drought
After the stock market crash, how did President Hoover try to help the economy?
asking businesses not to lay off employees
Who made up the Bonus Army that marched on Washington?
WWI veterans and their families
What does buying a stock on margin mean?
Borrowing money to help play for the stock
Effects of the Great Depression
unemployment, homelessness, foreclosures, migration.
Government system for giving payments or food to the poor?
direct relief
What was the first major action Roosevelt took as president?
closed banks
Goals of the New Deal
regulate the stock market
Main objective of the Agricultural Adjustment Act?
raise prices of farmed product
Who wrote the novel The Grapes of Wrath about the grim lives of Oklahomans fleeing the Dust Bowl during the Depression?
John Steinbeck
What is genocide, as practiced by the Nazis?
Deliberate extermination of a specific group of people
On what did the German military strategy of blitzkrieg depend?
surprise and overwhelming force
Match WWI politicians with their nations
Roosevelt US, Stalin USSR, Franco Spain, Mussolini Italy, Churchill Great British, Gaulle France, Tojo Japan
What pact did Winston Churchill oppose?
Munich Pact
Which nations signed a nonaggression pact with Germany that led to the invasion and division of Poland?
USSR
In following a policy of appeasement, what did Britain and France do?
submitted to Hitlers demands
The actions of which country finally forced the US to enter WWI
Japan