RESOURCE
Something living things need such as food, air or water, to survive.
WATER CYCLE
The constant movement of water from the ground, to the sky and back again
PRECIPITATION
water falling from the sky as rain, snow, sleet or hail.
How Does the Sun Power the water cycle?
Without heat from the sun all water on the ground would soak into Earth or stay in lakes and oceans. It would not fall on land as precipitation. Before rain can fall, water needs to rise into the air as evaporation, then it rises high above Earth, it form
What is the constant movement of water from the ground, to the sky, and back again called?
WATER CYCLE
Water falling from the sky as rain or sleet is called
PRECIPITATION
POLLUTION
Harmful substances that damage the air, water, land and food supply.
WEATHER
condition of the outside air at a particular moment. EXample: Today's weather is sunny and cool. Condition of the weather at a certain place and time, includes today's weather.
CLIMATE
The weather pattern in one place over a long period of time. Example: The climate in Antarctica is cold and snowy. Includes seasons
WHAT MAKES WEATHER?
Thre major factors: moisture, temperature and wind
MOISTURE
All air contains water
HUMIDITY
The amount of moisture in the air
TEMPERATURE
How hot or cold a place is
WIND
air around us that moves constantly
How do we measure weather?
By using weather instruments
RAIN GAUGE
Measures the amount of rain ( precipitation)
THERMOMETER
Measures how cold or hot the air is
WIND VANE
Measures the direction the wind is coming from
ANEMOMETER
measures the speed of the wind
STRATUS CLOUDS
Form close to the Earth in flat layers. Connected with stormy weather. Fog is a stratus cloud that forms on or close to the ground.
CIRRUS
Thin and wispy clouds that form high in the sky., thy mostly appear shortly before a change in weather.
CUMULUS
Fluffy, like pieces of cotton. They are thick and extend very high in the sky. Seen in fair weather, but if their bottoms are dark, they may bring precipitation.
CUMULONIMBUS
Rain bearing clouds. Dark and ragged at the edges.
Three layers of the athmosphere
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere
TROPOSPHERE
Closest layer to Earth, this is where most water vapor is, this is where weather happens
Stratosphere
Ozone is found here, it absorbs harmful rays of light from the sun and changes them into heat
Stratosphere
Coldest layer of the atmosphere
WATER VAPOR
Water in its gas form
EVAPORATION
Changing of water ( liquid) into water vapor (gas)
CONDENSATION
changing of water vapot (gas) into water (liquid)
RUNOFF
Water flowing on Earth's surface
GROUNDWATER
Water that moves downward into the ground.
What powers the Water Cycle?
The sun
Process of the Water Cycle
The Sun heats liquid water on Earth, causing evaporation, turning it into invisible water vapor. Water vapor riseshigh above the Earth where temperatures are lower. There condensation takes place. Lower temperatures turn the water vapor back into tiny dro
What part of the water cycle takes place in the clouds?
condensation
FLOOD
Overflowing body of water
TORNADO
Cloud shaped like a whirling funnel of air that spins in a tight circle at terrific speeds, it destroys everything it touches
HURRICANE
Tropica stork with strong winds, take sometime to form and last several days terrific winds, heavy rainfall, lots of living things are destroyed
ROTATION
Earth's spinning around once every 24 hrs resulting in day and night.
REVOLUTION
Earth moving in a path around the sun, resulting in one Earth year.
SEASONS
Earth tilted on its axis, direct rays of the Sun are on different places on Earth at different times of the year. The length of daylight and darkness varies with the seasons. As the amount of sunlight changes, weather changes from day to day and through s
PHASES OF THE MOON
As the moon moves in a path around Earth, different parts of it are lit by the Sun at night. It's appearance changes. The different ways it appears are called Phases of the Moon.
MONTH
The length of time it takes the moon to complete a single cycle around Earth.
What causes night and day on Earth?
revolution of the moon
What determines the length of night on Earth?
Rotation of the Earth
How long does it take for the Moon to circle the Earth?
About a month
How would conditions on Earth be different if its axis did not tilt?
There would be no seasons
You see clouds that look like pieces of fluffy white cotton. What kind of weather can you expect?
Sunny / fair weather
During a hard rain, a farmer's field may become flooded because the extra rainwater cannot soak in, this water is called
runoff
Water from a recent rainstorm has been soaked down into the grass and soil. This water is now considered to be
groundwater
Which one of the following is not considered an extreme natural event? earthquake, hurricane, snowfall, tornado
snowfall
Weather can be described and measured by:
temperature, wind speed and direction, kind of precipitation and clouds or all of the above
all of the above
Where does condensation takes place?
clouds
The moon changes in how it appears because
The moon moves around Earth
How long does it take for a revolution of the Earth around the sun?
1 year
Seven Earth rotations is the same amount of time as one
day, week, month or year
1 week
About how much time has gone by after the moon circles Earth once?
1 month
What causes both Earth and the Moon to circle the Sun?
Sun's gravity
The most water evaporates from:
ponds, lakes, oceans, rivers
oceans
What causes water on Earth to evaporate faster? clouds, the sun, rain, sleet
The Sun
Stages of the water cycle in the correct order
evaporation - condensation - precipitation
The plants in a farmer's field are dying up. What part of the water cycle needs to happen to save the plants from dying? precipitation, evaporation, runoff, condensation
precipitation
The arrow on a wind vane points in the direction the wind is coming from. If it is pointing towards the "S" which direction is the arrow pointing to?
north, west, south, east
SOUTH
Which of the following statements is true about the energy from the sun?
It is used by plants to make food, It causes water to evaporate, It causes winds on the Earth, all of the above
ALL OF THE ABOVE
What is most likely happening when a tree loses all its leaves before a cold winter? it is dying, it is responding to a seasonal change, it is growing taller, it is beginning to grow fruit
It is responding to a seasonal change
Staying in a building under the ground helps keep you safe during a
sunny day, flood, tornado, volcanic eruption
Tornado
The angle at which the Sun's rays strike parts of Earth changes the
daylight hours
seasons
time of year
phases of the moon
daylight hours
The sun appears to move accross the sky because: Earth revolves, the Sun revolves, Earth rotates, The Sun rotates
Earth rotates
RENEWABLE RESOURCE
a resource like a tree,that can be replaced by natural processes like growth. It can be renewed in a reasonable period of time.
Name four renewable resources
Air, water, plants and animals
NON RENEWABLE RESOURCES
Resource formed by Earth over millions, even billions of years examples: oil coal, natural gas, copper and other minerals. Once used, they can not be replaced.
FOSSIL FUELS
Coal, oil and natural gas. They can be burn to release large amounts of energy. We burn them to run our car engines, heat our homes, power our machinery and create electricity.
They actually come from the remain of ancient living things.
CONSERVATION
It helps extend our resources
Why are scientists concerned about the rate at which humans are using fossil fuels?
Because they are non renewable and it will take millions of years to produce them again. We will soon run out, if we do not conserve. They will gradually disappear as a resource.
Which of these resources is renewable?
oil, aluminium, lumber, copper
lumber
What has been a negative effect of the use of oil for energy?
The burning of oil creates pollution in the atmosphere
Athmosphere
The blanket of air that sorrounds Earth
AIR PRESSURE
The force with which the air presses down, it changes with the amount of moisture in the air. how cold or warm the air is, and other factors.
Barometer
measures air pressure