ch 7 study guide

false, mechanical

waves that require a medium through which to pass are called ELECTROMAGNETIC waves

true

in TRANSVERSE waves, the medium moes at right angles to the direction in which the wave is traveling

false, frequency

the unit associated with AMPLITUDE is the hertz

true

sound waves travel at DIFFERENT speeds in different mediums

true

REFRACTION is a bending that occurs when a wave moves from one medium to another

false, destructive

CONSTRUCTIVE interference occurs when amplitudes of two waves combine to produce a wave with a smaller amplitude

false, zero

nodes are points on a standing wave where the energy of the wave is MAXIMUM

true

the waves produced by earthquakes are know as SEISMIC waves

false, surface

tsunamis are huge ocean SECONDARY waves caused by underwater earthquakes

fales, ground

a seismograph records the AIR movement casused by seismic waves

wave

a disturbance that transfers evergy from place to place is called a

vibrate

waves are created when a source of energy causes a medium to

crests

the highest parts of a wave are called

longitudinal waves

waves that move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction that the waves are traveling are called

amplitude of the wave

the maximum distance that the particles of a medium move from the rest position is the

wavelength

the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave is the wave's

frequency

the speed of a wave is its wavelength multiplied by its

the air temperature

which of the following affects the speed of sound waves traveling through the air

refraction

the bending of waves due to a change in speed is called

diffraction

the bending of waves around the edge of a barrier is known as

interference

the interaction between two waves that meet is called

constructive interference

waves combine to make a wave with larger amplitude in a process called

standing wave

when an incoming wave combines with a reflected wave in such a way that the combined wave appears to be standing still, the result is a

resonance

what occurs when vibrations traveling through an object match the object's natural frequency

seismic waves

waves produced by earthquakes are called

in all directions

in which directions doe seismic waves travel from their point of origin

primary waves

longitudinal seismic waves are known as

liquids

secondary waves cannot travel through

P waves

which waves arrive at a seismograph first

locating pockets of valuable substances underground

what is another use of a seismograph aside from detecting earthquakes

antinodes

what are the highest and lowest points on a standing wave called

medium

the material through which a wave travels is called a

how they move

waves are classified according to

surface waves

waves in a pond or lake are

hertz

frequency is measured in units called

waves

scientists on the side of earth opposite to the epicenter of an earthquake mainly detect

surface waves

which type of waves caused by an earthquake does the most above-ground damage

tsunamis

an earthquake that occurs under water can cause huge surface waves on the ocean called

reflection

when a wave hits a surface through which it cannot pass and bounces back, it undergoes

destructive interference

waves combine to produce a smaller or zero-amplitude wave in a process called

vibrates

a mechanical wave is created when a medium __________, or moves back and forth or up and down

rarefactions

in a longitudinal wave moving along a spring, areas where the coils are farthest apart are called __________

surface

in __________ waves, each particle of the medium moves in a circle

amplitude

the __________ of a mechanical wave is a direct measure of its energy

amplitude

if a longitudinal wave has very crowded compressions and very uncrowded rarefactions, it has a large __________

faster

you hear thunder several seconds after you see lightening because light travels at a __________ speed than sound

wavelength

as the frequency of a wave traveling at constant speed increases, its __________ decreases

diffraction

__________ occurs when a wave goes around the edge of a barrier

incidence

the law of reflection states that the angle of __________ equals the angle of reflection

constructive

in __________ interference, the energy of the combined wave is greater than the energy of each of the two waves

troughs

when the crests of one wave align with the __________ of an identical wave, the amplitude of the resulting wave is zero

antinodes

the crests and troughs of a standing wave are called __________

resonance

__________ occurs when an object that is vibrating at its natural frequency absorbs energy from objects that vibrate at the same frequency

shadow

__________ zones are areas in which there are no seismic waves

stress

when the __________ in rock builds up enough, the rock breaks or changes shape, releasing energy in the form of waves

secondary

transverse seismic waves are known as __________ waves

primary

__________ waves are longitudinal seismic waves

seismograph

a __________ is an instrument used to detect and measure earthquakes

three

scientists can identify the location of an earthquake by comparing readings from at least __________ seismographs at different locations

medium

the material through which a wave travels is called a __________