Crust
The layer of rock which forms earth's outer surface
Mantle
layer of hot sold material between earths crust core, the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core
Outer Core
Layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth
Inner core
A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth
Lithosphere
Rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust
Asthenosphere
The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats.
Seismic Waves
vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
Granite
a usually light colored igneous rock that is found in the continental crust
Basalt
A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust.
convection
The transfer of heat through the movement of a fluid, either a gas or liquid
Rock sample
scientists can make inferences by conditions and earths center.
temperature
result of radioactive substances releasing energy. Heat left over from formation of earth increases the temperature.
Pressure
the deeper you go it increases in pressure from more weight
lower mantle
completely solid rock
Core
made of mostly iron & nickel. Outer core is liquid. Inner core is solid. Altogether 3,486 km's thick.
Core & Earths magnetic field
scientists believe that outer core creates earth's magnetic field. Due to this the planet acts like a giant magnetic bar.
Radiation
Transfer energy through space with no direct contact. No matter in radiation to move
Conduction
Heat transfer with 2 substances through touching
Fault
breaks in the earth's crust where rocks slipped past the boundaries crushing earth's crust
Rift valley
a deep valley forms along divergent boundary
Plate
earth's lithosphere is broken up into sections called plates
plate tectonics
the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle
Divergent boundary
plate boundary where two plates move away from each other or diverge
convergent boundary
A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other, converge to a collision
transform boundary
a plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions