matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
chemistry
study of properties of matter and how matter changes
physical property
A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance
chemical property
ability of a substance to change into different substances
atom
basic particle that makes up an element
weight
force of gravity on an object
mass
measurement of how much matter an object contains
volume
the amount of space an object takes up
volume formula
length x width x height
cubic centimeter
common unit of measuring volume of solids
density
the amount of matter in a given space
density formula
mass / volume
physical change
matter changes its appearance but does not change into a different substance
chemical change
produces new substances with different properties from those of the original substance
law of conservation of mass
matter is not created or destroyed in any chemical or physical reaction
thermal energy
most common form of energy released or absorbed when matter changes
endothermic change
change in which energy is taken or absorbed
exothermic change
change in which energy is released, or given off
solid
particles are packed closely together
solid
has fixed, closely packed arrangement of particles which results in a definite shape and volume
liquid
Has a definite volume but no shape of its own
liquid
takes the shape of its container
fluid
a substance that flows
gas
does not have a definite shape nor a definite volume
melting
changing states from a solid to a liquid
melting point
specific temperature at which a substance melts
freezing
change of state from a liquid to a solid
vaporization
change in state from a liquid to a gas
evaporation
vaporization on a liquid's surface
boiling
vaporization throughout a liquid
boiling point
certain temperature that causes a substance to boil
condensation
particles in a gas lose enough thermal energy to form a liquid
sublimation
surface articles of a solid gain enough energy to become a gas and do not pass through the liquid state
liter
common unit for measuring liquid volume
viscosity
a fluid's resistance to flow