Purpose clause
subordinate clause; indicates the objective of the action in the main clause
Purpose clause
this type of clause has a subjunctive verb and begins with the word ut (begins with ne if its negative)
purpose clause
answers the question: why or for what purpose
purpose clause
'Hoc dicit ut eos iuvet.' includes this type of clause
Hoc dicit ut eos iuvet
(includes a purpose clause) it is translated "He says this to help them." or "He says this in order to help him.
purpose clause
answers the question: Why is something being done?
Puer currit ut equum capiat
translated: The boy runs so that he may catch the horse. or The boy runs to catch the horse.
Miles pugnat ne Roma a hostibus capiatur.
translated: The soldier fights so that Rome may not be captured by the enemies.
Milites pugnant ut feminas servent.
translated: The soldiers fight to save the women. or The soldiers fight in order to save the women.
Ego laboro ut magnum urbem muniam.
translated: I am working in order to build a great city.
Liberi currunt ne ab barbaris interficiantur.
translated: The children run so that they are not killed by the barbarians.
Discedit ne id audiat.
translated: He leaves in order not to hear this. or He leaves so that he may not hear this.
Cum curra docet discipuli ut bene discant.
translated: He/She teaches with care so that the students may learn well.
Hoc facit ne capiatur.
translated:He does this in order not to be captured.
Liberos legimus ut multa discamus.
translated: We read the books in order to learn many things.
Jussive Subjunctive
main clause; independent clause
iubere
the jussive comes from this word, which means "to command
jussive subjunctive
it expresses a command or telling someone to do something; generally the imperative is used for the 2nd person; for a negative command, use the word ne
jussive subjunctive
main clause; the sentences main verb is in the subjunctive
jussive subjunctive
you have to translate this with the word "let
Cogitem nunc de hac rem et tum non errabo.
Let me now think about this matter, and then I will not make a mistake.
Discipulus discat aut discedat.
Let the student learn or leave.
Doceamus magna cum delectatione linguam Latinam.
Let us teach the Latin language with great delight.
Ne id faciamus
Let us not do this/it.
Audient (dare) illi viri et feminae esse fortes.
Let those men and women dare to be brave.
Result clause
subordinate clause; answers the question what is the outcome?
result clause
this is introduced with the word "that
result clause
this has a subjunctive verb, but translated as an indicative (no may/might)
result clause
clause begins with "ut"; at the end of the clause there will be a subjunctive verb
result clause
when tantus, -a, -um comes before ut, it is this kind of clause
result clause
this clause uses non, nihil, nemo, numquam, and nullus to make it negative
Tanta fecit ut urbem servaret.
He/She did such great (things) that he/she saved the city.