Musculoskeletal System

muscul/o

muscle

my/o

muscle

kinesi/o

movement

fasci/o

fibrous tissue binding muscles together

ten/o; tend/o; tendin/o

tendon

chondr/o

cartilage

oste/o; os

bone

myel/o

bone marrow

arthr/o

joint

ankyl/o

crooked or bent

pod; ped

foot

cephal/o

head (brain)

crani/o

skull

spondyl/o

spine or vertebral column

lamin/o

bony arch of the spinal veterbrae

cervic/o

neck

cost/o

rib

myalgia

muscle pain

myoma

muscle tumor

myorraphy

suturing of a muscle

myograph

instrument used to measure muscle function

myasthenia

muscle weakenss

myoplasty

surgical repair of a muscle

kinesiology

study of movement

bradykinesia

slow movement

hyperkinesia

increased motor function/movement

fascitis

inflammation of the fascia

tenodynia

pain in the tendon

tendonitis

inflammation of a tendon

tenoplasty

surgical repair of a tendon

chondroplasty

surgical repair of cartilage

osteochondritis

inflammation of bone and cartilage

chondrectomy

surgical removal of cartilage

chondomalacia

softening of cartilage

osteocyte

bone cell

osteoma

tumor composed of bone tissue

multiple myeloma

malignant tumor involving many sites within bone marrow

hemarthrosis

condition of blood in a joint space

arthrocentesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid in a joint space

arthritis

inflammation of a joint

arthroscopy

visual examination of a joint

ankylosis

condition of a crooked, bent. or immovable joint

anklodactylia

condition of crooked, bent, or immovable fingers or toes

podiatrist

one who treats diseases/disorders of the foot

cephalgia

headache

craniotomy

surgical incision into the skull

spondylomalacia

condition of softening of the vertebral column

spondylopathy

condition of the vertebral column

laminectomy

surgical removal of the bony arch of the vertebrae

cervical

pertaining to the neck

costodynia

pain in the rib

open fracture

called a compound fracture; bone protrudes from the skin

closed fracture

called a simple fracture; bone does not pierce the skin

greenstick fracture

a fracture where one side of the bone is broken while the other side is bent; this type of fracture is common in children

transverse fracture

a fracture in which the is across the bone at right angle to the long axis of the bone

oblique fracture

a fracture in which the line for the break runs slanted to the long axis of the bone

comminuted fracture

a fracture where the bone is splintered or crushed

impacted fracture

a fracture where one broken edge of the bone is wedged into the other broken end

levator muscle

a muscle that lifts or raises a structure of the body

flexor muscle

a muscle whose contraction bends a joint

abductor muscle

a muscle that pulls a body part away from the midline

adductor muscle

a muscle that pulls a body part toward the midline

extensor muscle

a muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part

antagonist muscle

muscles having opposite functions

synergist muscles

muscles having similar or mutually helpful functions or actions

hem-

blood

-osis

condition of

-ia

the condition of

-otomy

surgical cutting into