primitive
Task that one can perform in an algorithm with no further assumptions
literal
A number (45) or a word ("Bob") when used in C++ syntax and it isn't a variable
!=
not equal to
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
byte
Eight bits (a bit is either a 1 or 0)
algorithm
An unambiguous set of instructions to solve a problem
machine language
Programming language generation representing instructions directly used by the processor (uses .exe)
What programming generation is C++
3rd gen
Modulus
Operator used to find the remainder between two numbers.
<<
stream insertion operator
software vs data
software are instructions run by the processor. Data are values used by the programs.
BIOS
The first program that is started when a computer boots up.
Constant
C++ variable than cannot be changed
pointer
Made to hold the memory address of another varibale
prototype
A promise that a function with a given signature will be written later in the program
When an argument is passed to a function by-_______ a copy of the variable is made
value
When an argument is passed to a function by-_______ another name for the original variable is assigned
reference
string
Datatype used to store text, either as a literal constant or as some kind of variable
What is the difference between the literals "a" and 'a'?
a" is a c-style string, and 'a' is just a character
What is the difference between text and binary files
Text files only consist of ASCII values while binary files can consist of any characters, including ASCII.
What is the difference between a struct and an object?
A struct is a class/data type that is customized elsewhere, and an object is a variable declared using a struct.
What is a constructor and how should it be named?
A constructor is an opportunity to initialize attributes of a struct. It should have the same name as the class and capitalized.
encapsulation
Putting data members together that belong together to form a data type. This is a form of abstraction.
::
scope resolution operator, used between a struct and a method
ls
List all of the files in the current directory
pwd
Display the current working directory
mkdir
Make a new directory
cd
Change the current working directory
zz
How to save and edit
cd~
Symbol for the user's home directory
template
Used to allow the compiler to generate functions with different datatypes from a model of the function's logic
3 responsibilities of an operating system
i/o management, memory management, process, management
Describe the format of the bitmap file.
file header, image header, list of pixels (3 bytes, blue, green, red)