AP Computer Science Principles: Unit 2, Lessons 1-5

Byte

the standard fundamental unit (or "chunk size") underlying most computing systems today

Lossless Compression

a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.

Heuristic

a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible.

Zip Compression

there is a compression algorithm called LZW compression upon which the common utility is based. This does something very similar to what you did today with the text compression widget.

Image

a type of data used for graphics or pictures.

Metadata

data that describes other data. For example, a digital image my include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution.

Pixel

short for "picture element"; it is the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image

RGB

the color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.

Lossy Compression

a data compression method that uses inexact approximations, discarding some data to represent the content. Most commonly seen in image formats like .jpg.

Uncompressed Image

BMP

Uncompressed Sound

WAV

Compressed Image -Lossy

JPEG

Compressed Image - Lossless (256 color limit)

GIF

Compressed Sound - Lossy

MP3

Compressed Files - Lossless

ZIP

Compressed Image - Lossless

PNG