Data
the raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed
Information
data that is processed, organized, structured, or presented in a given context to make it useful
Hypothesis
a proposed explanation for some phenomenon used as the basis for further investigation
Trending
an online topic that is quickly growing in popularity
Digital Divide
the variation in access or use of technology by various demographic characteristics (e.g., race, income, education, age, disability, and/or geography)
Visualization
data provided in a graphical format to facilitate understanding or to communicate a message (i.e. translate data into useful information)
Computational Tool
a computer-based tool or program used to create a computational artifact (e.g., a visualization, a graphic, a video, a program, an audio recording)
README
a document providing background information about a dataset
CSV (comma-separated values)
a widely used format for storing data
Raw data
the original data as it was collected
Cleaning data
making data ready for computational analysis which can include correcting or deleting invalid values and categorizing free-text data
Aggregation
A computation in which rows from a data set are grouped together and used to compute a single value of more significant meaning or measurement. Common aggregations include: average, count, sum, max, median, etc.
Pivot table
in most spreadsheet software it is the name of the tool used to create summary tables
Summary Table
a table that shows the results of aggregations (groupings of items) performed on data from a larger data set, hence a "summary" of larger data. Spreadsheet software typically calls them "pivot tables
metadata
data that describes other data
scalability
the capability of a system to expand to handle a growing amount of work