Legitimate power
Created formally�through a title or position in the hierarchy that is associated with the rights of leadership.
Reward power
Created when the leader can offer followers something they value in exchange for their commitment (e.g., promotions, compensation).
Expert power
Created when a leader is recognized as possessing great intelligence, insight, or experience.
Referent power
Created by the force of the leader's personality�the ability to attract admiration, affection, and/or loyalty.
Coercive power
Created when the leader has the power to punish those who do not follow.
Legitimate Power: Effective uses
Can save time in decision making and focus team on the organization's goals
Legitimate Power: Limitations
May be insufficient if leader is not also competent and effective at leading.
Reward power: Effective uses
Can appeal to team members' individual motivators.
Reward power: Limitations
Is useful only when leader has access to and can extend to team members meaningful rewards.
Expert power: Effective uses
Can improve a team's efforts by offering advice and guidance. Can win respect for the team and its work throughout the organization.
Expert power: Limitations
Can create dependency and weaken team members' initiative or discourage their own contributions. Effect will weaken if the individual is a weak team leader.
Referent power: Effective uses
Appeals to social needs of individuals, the desire for affiliation.
Referent power: Limitations
Will weaken if leader is not competent, effective, and fair.
Coercive power: Effective uses
Likely to get immediate results.
Coercive power: Limitations
Damages team members' motivation and self-direction over time.
Emotional intelligence (EI)
Is the quality of being sensitive to and understanding of one's own and others' emotions and the ability to manage one's own emotions and impulses.
EIQ
Self-awareness.
Self-regulation.
Motivation.
Empathy.
Social skills
Motivation
A passion for the job or current objective.
Empathy
Moving from self-awareness to awareness and acceptance of the importance and legitimacy of others' emotions.
Social skills
The ability to create connections or rapport with others. This ability has been called social intelligence.