Sport and Exercise Psychology
scientific study of people and their affects, behaviors and cognitions of physical activities/performance and the practical application of that knowledge
2 General objectives of Sport and Exercise Psychology
1. to understand how psychological factors affects a person's motor performance
2. to understand how participating in physical activity affects a person's psychological development
Major Journals and their year of publish
-JSEP (1979)
-JASP (1989)
-TSP (1987)
-IJSEP (1970)
-PSE
-IJSP
-IRSEP
-AASP (2010)
-APA (2012)
-NASPSPA (2011)
3 Roles of Teaching
Research Role: advance knowledge and share it through journals
Teaching Role: Workshops, college courses
Consulting Role: Help improve performance, as Clinical/Education sport psychologists
Psycho-physiological orientation
examines underlying processes the brain in terms of primary causes of behavior
Social-psychological orientation
behavior is determined by a complex interaction of the social environment and the personal makeup of the athlete
Cognitive-behavioral orientation
behavior is determined by Bothe environment and thoughts
SK
Scientific Knowledge:
systematic, controlled, empirical, an critical filtering; highly reliable, objective and biased; often slow to evolve, lack of focus on external validity
Profesional personal knowledge
holistic, innovative, immediate; less reliable, lack of explanations, biased
Leadership
influence individuals and groups toward set goals; establish interpersonal relationships, provide feedback, influencing the decision-making, and provide motivation
Leaders vs Managers
Leaders knows where the group needs to go and provide the decision and resources to help it get there. Managers are more concerned with planning, organizing, scheduling, budgeting, staffing, and recruiting activities.
Trait Approach (Leadership)
Great leaders posses a set of universal personality traits that essential for effective leadership
Behavioral approach (Leadership)
relatively universal set of behaviors characterizes successful leaders
Situational approach (Leadership)
effective leadership is much more dependent on the characteristics of the situation than on the traits and behaviors of the leaders in those situations
Interactional approach (Leadership)
interaction of the situation and a leader's behaviors determines effective leadership
Four Components of Effective Leadership
Leadership Style
Leader's Qualities
*Situational Factors
*Followers Qualities
Leaders in Sport
Effective communication
strong technical instruction and demonstration
positive and Clear feedback
Personality
characteristics or blend of characteristics that make individuals unique
Personality Structure
Helps gain insight on the person's motivation, actions, and behaviors.
-Helps improve teaching and coaching effectiveness by designing programs
Psychodynamic Approach (Personality)
unconsciousness determinants of behavior and if understanding the person as a whole
Trait approach (Personality)
Personality is enduring and consistent across situations and predisposes individuals to behave in consistent ways regardless of the situation.
Situational Approach (Personality)
Behavior is determined largely by the environment or situation
Interactional approach (Personality)
Personal and situational factors are equal determinants o behavior
Phenomenological approach
person's understanding and subjective interpretation of themselves and their environment versus fixed traits.
Behavior is to be determined by personal and situational factors.
Cognitive Strategies
-practice specific plans
-develop competition plans
-practice routines
-focus on what they control
-mental rehearsal
-learn to regulate arousal and anxiety
State Measure of Personality
right now" situational effects on ABC's
Trait Measure of Personality
individual's typical and core responses