leadership
The ability to make strategic decisions and use communication effectively to mobilize group members toward achieving a common goal
leader, leadership
-is the person, -is the behavior
designated leaders
-Selected by group members or by outside authority
-Can be difficult to adjust
-Relationships change
-Must earn trust and respect
challenges DL face
Long and difficult period of adjustment
�Changing nature of relationship
�Earning trust and respect
suggestions for DL success
-Involve group members in decision making
-Discuss rules of engagement
-Share concerns with and ask ideas for resolving problems
emergent leaders
Gradually achieving leadership by interacting with group members and contributing to the achievement of the group's goal
advantages of EL
-Already knowledgeable about the group, the goals and the norms
-Assurance that the group wants them to be their leader
strategies to become A leader
-Talk early and often
-Know more than others
-Express your opinion
strategies to become A GOOD leader
-Listen to others
-Share what you know
-Welcome disagreement
power
-The ability and/or authority to influence members, shape decisions, and control resources through a variety of means.
-Power is "the quality without which leaders cannot lead.
model leadership behavior
-Exhibit exemplary behaviors
-Confident, competent, trustworthy, optimistic
-Champion your group
-Speak and listen effectively and confidently
-Behave consistently, conscientiously, and assertively
-Demonstrate competence and integrity
The 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness
model leadership behavior, motivate members, manage group process, make decisions, & mentor members
motivate members
-Seek members' commitment to the goal
-Reward the group and its members
-Help solve interpersonal problems and conflicts
-Adapt tasks and assignments to members' abilities and expectations
manage group process
-Organize and prepare for meetings
-Understand and adapt to members' strengths and weaknesses
-Help solve task-related problems and procedural problems
-Monitor group interaction and intervene to improve performance
make decisions
-Make sure group understands information needed
-Discuss pending decisions
-Solicit feedback
-Listen
-Explain decisions
mentor members
-Be ready and willing to mentor every group member
-Encourage and invite others to lead
Inspire optimism
types of power
-Reward power
�Coercive power
�Legitimate power
�Expert power
�Referent power
-Informational power
�Persuasive power
�Charisma power
position and personal
2 types of power
position power
comes with the position
personal power
comes from personal characteristics
types of position power
legitimate, reward, coercive, & informational
types of personal power
expert, referent, persuasive, & charismatic
legitimate power
relies on authority of job title/duty
legit pw ex
i have the authority to lead
reward power
relies on ability to give out resources valued by members
reward pw ex
i can reward you
coercive power
relies on ability to deal out sanctions and punishments
coercive pw ex
i can punish you
informational power
relies on the control and transmission of needed information
info pw ex
i have the information you need
expert power
relies on expertise and credentials
expert pw ex
I have the knowledge and skills we need.
referent power
Relies on members' respect for and experience with the leader
referent pw ex
I've earned your respect and trust.
persuasive power
Relies on effective and strategic communication skills
persuasive pw ex
I know how to persuade and encourage others.
charismatic power
Relies on a leader's character, competence, and vitality
charismatic pw ex
I have the energy, will, and passion to make things happen.
Trait, styles, and situational theories
3 theoretical approaches to leadership
trait theory
you have it
or
you don't
styles theory
are democracies always best?
situational theory
matching leaders and leadership jobs
verbal communication
Use of words to generate meaning
Expresses literal content of a message
nonverbal communication
Use of message components other than words to generate meaning
Expresses emotional meaning
dimensions of team talk
Identification talk
Interdependence talk
Balanced power differentiation talk
Social equality talk
Conflict management talk
team talk
Use "I," "You," and "We" Language Appropriately
The word "I" - take responsibility for actions and feelings
You language - expresses judgment and can arouse defensiveness
Plural pronouns - inclusivity
abstract words
The more abstract the language, more likely members will misinterpret meaning
bypassing
Using difference meaning for the same word
exclusionary language
Avoid words that specify gender and stereotypes
Avoid offensive, degrading, or politically incorrect words
jargon
Specialized language
Makes ideas difficult to understand for people unfamiliar with jargon
to avoid verbal abuse
Express your objections
Ask for repetition
Step back
Quote the law
Take a time out
whorf hypothesis
Characteristics of a language determine how we see, experience, interpret the world around us
perceptions of personal space
Group functions are influences by how they perceive space around them
defensive behaviors
Evaluating
Controlling
Strategic
Neutral
Superiority
Certainty
supportive behaviors
Descriptive
Problem oriented
Spontaneous
Empathetic
Equality
Provisional
immediacy
-The degree to which a person is approachable
immediacy and group interaction
-Immediacy builds supportive climate
-Expresses enjoyment of group experience and company of members
defensive climate
�Triggers instinct for self-protection
�Hinders productive interaction
supportive climate
�Free to share opinions
Facilitates productive interaction
spatial variables
�Territoriality
�Space distances
�Intimate distance
�Personal distance
�Social distance
meeting
Scheduled gathering for a structured discussion guided by a chairperson
Schedule, Structure, Chairperson
3 components of a meeting
ineffective meetings
Unnecessary
Goal is unclear
Too long
There is no agenda
Members are unprepared
effective meetings
Clear goal
Members receive sufficient advance notice
Group members come prepared
The chairperson effectively conducts and manages the meeting
Group members actively participate
agenda
An outline of the items for discussion at a meeting.
business agenda
Purpose of a meeting
Name of group members
Date, time, place, call to order
Approval of the agenda; Approval of the minutes
Reports
Unfinished business
New Business
Announcements
Adjournment
elements of agenda
Purpose of meeting, name of group members
Date, time, place, call to order
Approval of the agenda, approval of the minutes
Report, unfinished business, new business
Announcements, adjournment
minutes
Written record of group discussion, decision, actions
Communication for those who did not attend the meeting
adapting to problematic behaviors
Common disruptive behaviors
Nonparticipants
Texters
Loudmouths
Interrupters, whisperers
Latecomers, early leavers
leadership
The ability to make strategic decisions and use communication effectively to mobilize group members toward achieving a common goal
leader, leadership
-is the person, -is the behavior
designated leaders
-Selected by group members or by outside authority
-Can be difficult to adjust
-Relationships change
-Must earn trust and respect
challenges DL face
Long and difficult period of adjustment
�Changing nature of relationship
�Earning trust and respect
suggestions for DL success
-Involve group members in decision making
-Discuss rules of engagement
-Share concerns with and ask ideas for resolving problems
emergent leaders
Gradually achieving leadership by interacting with group members and contributing to the achievement of the group's goal
advantages of EL
-Already knowledgeable about the group, the goals and the norms
-Assurance that the group wants them to be their leader
strategies to become A leader
-Talk early and often
-Know more than others
-Express your opinion
strategies to become A GOOD leader
-Listen to others
-Share what you know
-Welcome disagreement
power
-The ability and/or authority to influence members, shape decisions, and control resources through a variety of means.
-Power is "the quality without which leaders cannot lead.
model leadership behavior
-Exhibit exemplary behaviors
-Confident, competent, trustworthy, optimistic
-Champion your group
-Speak and listen effectively and confidently
-Behave consistently, conscientiously, and assertively
-Demonstrate competence and integrity
The 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness
model leadership behavior, motivate members, manage group process, make decisions, & mentor members
motivate members
-Seek members' commitment to the goal
-Reward the group and its members
-Help solve interpersonal problems and conflicts
-Adapt tasks and assignments to members' abilities and expectations
manage group process
-Organize and prepare for meetings
-Understand and adapt to members' strengths and weaknesses
-Help solve task-related problems and procedural problems
-Monitor group interaction and intervene to improve performance
make decisions
-Make sure group understands information needed
-Discuss pending decisions
-Solicit feedback
-Listen
-Explain decisions
mentor members
-Be ready and willing to mentor every group member
-Encourage and invite others to lead
Inspire optimism
types of power
-Reward power
�Coercive power
�Legitimate power
�Expert power
�Referent power
-Informational power
�Persuasive power
�Charisma power
position and personal
2 types of power
position power
comes with the position
personal power
comes from personal characteristics
types of position power
legitimate, reward, coercive, & informational
types of personal power
expert, referent, persuasive, & charismatic
legitimate power
relies on authority of job title/duty
legit pw ex
i have the authority to lead
reward power
relies on ability to give out resources valued by members
reward pw ex
i can reward you
coercive power
relies on ability to deal out sanctions and punishments
coercive pw ex
i can punish you
informational power
relies on the control and transmission of needed information
info pw ex
i have the information you need
expert power
relies on expertise and credentials
expert pw ex
I have the knowledge and skills we need.
referent power
Relies on members' respect for and experience with the leader
referent pw ex
I've earned your respect and trust.
persuasive power
Relies on effective and strategic communication skills
persuasive pw ex
I know how to persuade and encourage others.
charismatic power
Relies on a leader's character, competence, and vitality
charismatic pw ex
I have the energy, will, and passion to make things happen.
Trait, styles, and situational theories
3 theoretical approaches to leadership
trait theory
you have it
or
you don't
styles theory
are democracies always best?
situational theory
matching leaders and leadership jobs
verbal communication
Use of words to generate meaning
Expresses literal content of a message
nonverbal communication
Use of message components other than words to generate meaning
Expresses emotional meaning
dimensions of team talk
Identification talk
Interdependence talk
Balanced power differentiation talk
Social equality talk
Conflict management talk
team talk
Use "I," "You," and "We" Language Appropriately
The word "I" - take responsibility for actions and feelings
You language - expresses judgment and can arouse defensiveness
Plural pronouns - inclusivity
abstract words
The more abstract the language, more likely members will misinterpret meaning
bypassing
Using difference meaning for the same word
exclusionary language
Avoid words that specify gender and stereotypes
Avoid offensive, degrading, or politically incorrect words
jargon
Specialized language
Makes ideas difficult to understand for people unfamiliar with jargon
to avoid verbal abuse
Express your objections
Ask for repetition
Step back
Quote the law
Take a time out
whorf hypothesis
Characteristics of a language determine how we see, experience, interpret the world around us
perceptions of personal space
Group functions are influences by how they perceive space around them
defensive behaviors
Evaluating
Controlling
Strategic
Neutral
Superiority
Certainty
supportive behaviors
Descriptive
Problem oriented
Spontaneous
Empathetic
Equality
Provisional
immediacy
-The degree to which a person is approachable
immediacy and group interaction
-Immediacy builds supportive climate
-Expresses enjoyment of group experience and company of members
defensive climate
�Triggers instinct for self-protection
�Hinders productive interaction
supportive climate
�Free to share opinions
Facilitates productive interaction
spatial variables
�Territoriality
�Space distances
�Intimate distance
�Personal distance
�Social distance
meeting
Scheduled gathering for a structured discussion guided by a chairperson
Schedule, Structure, Chairperson
3 components of a meeting
ineffective meetings
Unnecessary
Goal is unclear
Too long
There is no agenda
Members are unprepared
effective meetings
Clear goal
Members receive sufficient advance notice
Group members come prepared
The chairperson effectively conducts and manages the meeting
Group members actively participate
agenda
An outline of the items for discussion at a meeting.
business agenda
Purpose of a meeting
Name of group members
Date, time, place, call to order
Approval of the agenda; Approval of the minutes
Reports
Unfinished business
New Business
Announcements
Adjournment
elements of agenda
Purpose of meeting, name of group members
Date, time, place, call to order
Approval of the agenda, approval of the minutes
Report, unfinished business, new business
Announcements, adjournment
minutes
Written record of group discussion, decision, actions
Communication for those who did not attend the meeting
adapting to problematic behaviors
Common disruptive behaviors
Nonparticipants
Texters
Loudmouths
Interrupters, whisperers
Latecomers, early leavers