Internal validity
The effect found is due exclusively to the maneuver (good design and methods)
External validity
The effect found is likely to represent the "real world" (effect on the kinds of people who would be treated)
Which type of study is likely to be bigger and cost more?
effectiveness
Which type of study best evaluates the way the treatment works?
efficacy
Which type of study is likely to have larger effects (bigger differences between groups)?
efficacy
Which type of study uses an "intention to treat" analysis?
effectiveness
Which type of study gives effect estimates that inform clinical decision making?
effectiveness
Which type of study should be done first?
efficacy
Most studies are _______________ with mixed ________________.
compromises, priorities
If clinicians use results from efficacy studies to determine expected effects in usual settings, they are probably _________________ benefits
overestimating
Pure effectiveness studies may _____________________ benefits for compliant patients who receive expected treatment.
underestimate