Pro-prac Final - Clients/Process

Client types

-Governments
-Developers
-Non-Profits
-k-12 Schools
-Colleges
-Corporations
-Health care
-Individuals
-Religious

Selection Methods

-Design Competition
-RFP (Request for Proposal)
-RFP & Formal Interview (Presentation)
-Informal Interview
-Direct Hiring

Competition

Best method, but seldom used

Direct Hire

Best method for architect because it saves time and $

Formal/multi-step selection

does not guarantee best choice, but many clients think it does

Formal Selection Process Steps

1) Invited architects submit qualifications
2) Short list (3)
3) Interview
4) Site Visits
5) Selection
6) Contract Negotiations

Space Program Summary

Rough sizes of rooms of program drawn out in scaled boxes

Existing Property Deficiencies

Map with key of needs

ADG

Listeners/Translators
Facilitators/Illustrators
Implementors

Collaborative Design

-Design led by ADG
-Use of Technology to facilitate file sharing
-Integration of all aspects of design through every phase

Selection Criteria for Clients

-Trust/Personal Relationship/Past History
-Political Relationship
-High Profile Design/ Signature Architect
-Technical Competence/Expertise
-Service/Project Delivery
-Price
-Safe Choice

Developer Motivation

ROI + 'salability'

Corporation Motivation

function and image

Non-Profit Motivation

work environment/cost

Individual Motivation

Personal Statement

Religious Motivation

User Experience/Cost

Health Care Motivation

Function/Patient Satisfaction

Bureaucracy Motivation

Safe Choice/Public Approval

5 Client Phases

1) Genesis - research and discussion leading to decision to build
2) Focus - the project is defined
3) Design
4) Build
5) Operate

Client Perception of Architects

Architects want to build monument to themselves and get big fees

Advantages of Traditional Build Method

1) Well established roles
2) All design decisions made ahead of construction
3) Price established prior to any construction
4) Allows true competitive bidding

Disadvantage of Traditional Build Method

1) Significant cost incurred before cost of the building is known
2) Linear Process is time consuming
3) Architects do not have first hand access to cost information

Advantages of Design-Build

1) Cost info is available to the designers as thy make decisions
2) Building cost can be guaranteed prior to drawings being completed
3) Single point of responsibility
4) Can be used with fast-track approach

Disadvantages of Design-Build

1) Owner vest preponderance of power to one entity
2) Usually does not result in lowest cost due to lack of competitive bidding
3) Few firms in area comprehensive design-build
4) Design-Build firms may lack talent and experience with specialized building

Construction Management

1) No General Contractor mark-up on subcontractors b/c everyone is a sub
2) May be required on very large projects beyond bonding capacity of GC

Disadvantages of Construction Management

1) Owner holds all of the contracts with the subs
2) No general contractor umbrella between owner and subs
3) Another point of responsibility
4)Breaks contract documents into many pieces, more risk of having items omitted from one of bidding packages
5) G

Fast Track

Owner has separate contracts with architect and GC. CD's released in staged multiple bid packages.

Advantages of Fast Track

Construction can proceed before all of the design is completed

Disadvantages of Fast Track

1) Risk of costly changes to work
2) Owner cannot review the final CD's before construction
3) A/E fees higher due to work involved with release of multiple bid packages

Integrated Project Design (IPD)

optimizing the design and construction process by creating a collaborative team early in the process that contributes knowledge via bim
-Reduces waste and maximizes value and efficiency

IPD Principles

1) Mutual respect & trust
2) Mutual Benefit and Reward
3) Collaborative decision-making
4) Early involvement of key participants
5) Acceptance of Goals
6) Open communication
7) Technology