Work flow design
the process of analyzing the tasks necessary for the production of a product or service
Work-force analysis
identify the outputs of work, specify the quality and quantity standards for those outputs, and analyze the processes and inputs necessary for producing outputs that meet the quality standards
Organizational structure
the relatively stable and formal network of vertical and horizontal interconnections among jobs that constitute the organization
Centralization
degree to which decision-making authority resides at the top of the organizational chart
Departmentalization
degree to which work units are grouped based on functional similarity or similarity or work flow
Functional structure
employs a functional departmentalization scheme with relatively high levels of centralization
Divisional structure
employs a divisional departmentalization scheme with relatively low levels of centralization
Job analysis
the process of getting detailed information about jobs
Job description
a list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities (TDRs) that a job entails
Job specification
a list of the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that an individual must have to perform a job
Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT)
born during the 1930s and served as a vehicle for helping the new public employment system link the demand for skills and the supply of skills in the U.S. workforce
Occupational Information Network (O*NET)
uses a common language that generalizes across jobs to describe the abilities, work styles, work activities, and work context required for various occupations that are more broadly defined, also took over the DOT
Job design
the process of defining the way work will be performed and the tasks that will be required in a given job
Mechanistic approach
focuses on identifying the simplest way to structure work that maximizes efficiency a.k.a. making the work so simple that anyone can be trained quickly and eaisly to perform it
Motivational approach
focuses on the job characteristics that affect psychological meaning and motivational potential