APUSH - 1754-1763

French and Indian War

1754- 1763 , aka the Seven year war, the English and French fought for colonial domination of the land in North America. The English won, but it left a huge debt that the colonist's were being forced to pay. This brought taxes and tension between the colo

Treaty of Paris 1763

ended the French and Indian War. France was forced to give up all its land in the New World.This ended the French threat to the colonies.

Proclamation of 1763

1763, Britain issued a royal decree that prohibited colonies in the New World from making settlements west of the imaginary line that followed the line of the Appalachian Mountains. The Proclomation stated that the Indians had the right of the land west o

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

were a group of male patriots that wanted to protect the colonist's rights from the British. Most of them ended up fighting in the Revolutionary War. The latter were a group of female patriots that helped the colonists by making and finding substitutes fo

Committees of Correspondence

the colonist's first attempt at communication with one another. It was used to send messages throughtout the colonies on matters that were happening.

John Locke / Montesquieu

were two governmental thinkers during the Enlightment period. They helped build the constitution with thier ideas. One came up with the three natural rights (life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness). The other came up with the idea that the government got

Thomas Jefferson

was a co-writer of the Declaration of Independence. He also wrote Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom. He was the third president of the United States of America. He also was the founder of the University of Virginia.

Benjamin Franklin

He helped persuade France to ally with America. He helped write the U.S. Constitution. He signed the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, the Treaty of Alliance, and the Treaty of Paris. He was a great gonvermental influencer in the Revolutionar

Marquis de Lafayette

He came to America at the age of 19. He presented himself to the Philadelphia congress and greatly befriended George Washington. He became a major general. He won the formal French support during the Revolution War, and his battle tactics ensured victory

George Washington

was a commander for the British army during the French and Indian War. His experience and reputation caused him to be voted into the Commander-in-Chief position over the Continental Army. He led the American troops in the Revoulutionary War.

Crossing Delaware River

December of 1776, the Continental Army led by George Washington encamped along the Pennsylvania shore of the Delaware River. The night of December 25, Washington led the troops, attacking the Hessian-held town of Trenton early that morning taking an Ameri

Valley Forge

was full of hungry, disease covered, and dying American troops. The winter resutled in a terrible time for them. However, the spring and new and more supplies coming into the Army led to a new found hope and eagerness for the battles to come. This was a t

Battle of Yorktown

Final major battle of the American Revolution, where George Washington with the aid of the French Navy trapped Cornwallis and forced a British surrender.

Lord Charles Cornwallis

a British general who fought against America during the Revolutionary War. He was a very successful general, except for his surrender at the Battle of Yorktown which was one of the biggest loss in his career.

1783 Treaty of Paris

a peace negotiation between America and England that ended the Revolutionary War and achieved independence for the United States of America.

Articles of Conferderation (weaknesses)

served as the first government form in the U.S after it's independence. Unfortunately it didn't work out, due to it having many weaknesses. These were that the national government could not force the states to obey it's laws, it did not have the power to

Shay's Rebellion

Due to an economic crisis happening in central and western Massachusetts, many poor farmers who were in debt were put in prison and their farms were seized. Under the leadership of a former captain in the Continental Army, the people revolted leading to t

Pontiac's Rebellion

a war between a group of Indians and the English. The Indaisn were upset over the rough treatment that the British gave them. This war lasted from 1763 to 1766.

Sugar Act 1764

was the 1st law passed to raise tax revenue in America. It was also know as the Revenue Act. This Act reduced taxes on molasses and sugar, enforced the Navigation Act, and increased duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies.

Stamp Act 1765

passed to raise revenues. It put a tax on all official documents (newspapers, marriage certificates, etc.). It was repealed due to the colonists' cries of "no taxation without representation", but the Declaratory Act was passed immediately after is was re

Stamp Act Congress

was a meeting in New York that only nine states showed up for. They discussed the new taxes and the problems they caused.They suggested a boycott, and Parliament eventually repealed the Stamp Act.

Declaratory Act 1766

was immediately passed by Parliament after they repealed the Stamp Act. This Act stated that Parliament had the power to bind the colonists whenever they pleased.

Townshend Acts 1767

These Acts included put an import duty on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tea.

Writs of Assistance

a search warrant issued by Parliament that gives British government officials the right to enforce trade and navigation laws.

Samuel Adams

a political organizer and speaker in the Revolutionary times. He lead the Boston Tea Party, created the Committees of Correspondence, and signed the Dec. of Independence.

Boston Massacre

a fight between a crowd of Patriots and a British Patrol. The colonists threw snowballs and taunted the soldiers. It ended with the soldiers shooting into the crowd killing/wounding eleven.

Gaspee Incident

was when a group of the Sons of Liberty boarded, looted, and burned a crashed British ship.

Boston Tea Party

a revolt against the Tea Act. Patriots dressed up as indians, boarded the tea ships anchored in the Boston harbor, and dumped 342 chests of tea into the water.

Intolerable Acts

were a series of Acts placed upon the colonists by Parliament as punishment for the Boston Tea Party and other revolts. They included the Boston Port Bill, the Quartering Act, the Administration of Justice Act,the Massachusetts Government Act, and the Que

First Continental Congress

met in 1774 with only 12/13 states attending. They met to discuss how to respond to the Intolerable Acts as one body.

Second Continental Congress

met and all thirteen states showed up this time. This time they met to create the Declaration of Independence and put George Washington as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army.

Olive Branch Petition

was made by the Continental Congress in 1775, professing the American loyalty to the crown and begging the King to prevent further hostilities. However the King didn't acknowledge this, and declared the colonies to be in a state of rebellion.

Thomas Paine

was the author of Common Sense, which was a pamphlet encouraging the colonists to support total independence from the crown.

Battle of Saratoga

was a major win for the Americans in upstate New York. This battle convinced France to aid the colonists in the war for independence.

Northwest Ordiance

was a compromise made by the Articles of Confederation that created two evolutionary territorial stages that created more land into states when they reached a certain number in population.

John Adams

a major player in the Revolutionary times. He was a representative in the two Continental Congresses, he represented the British soldiers during the Boston Massacre Trial, he signed the Dec. of Independence, and he later on became President.

salutary neglect

British for a century didn't really enforce laws on colonists, especially with navigation acts. Colonists used to running law on their own, Britain ignores the law with them.

James Otis

Lawyer who raises heck about the unjustness of the writs of assistance, raises the issue and begins the offical questioning of the British Authority that will lead to the American Revolution

Quarterinng Act of 1765

even during time of peace, soldier s have right to stay in colonists homes for food and shelter, makes colonists frusterated

no taxation without representation

the colonists argument that because Parliament does not represent the colonies, they should not be able to tax them

Battles of Lexington/Concord

places where the first shorts were fired in 1775 to begin the Revolutionary war.

Paul Revere

Man who warns the colonists the night before of the British troops that are coming to attack and Lexington

Society of Cincinnatti

movement to try to create aristocracy based on the descendants of Revolutionary War veterans

civic virtue

notion that democracy depended on unselfish commitment to the public good

George III

Became King of England in 1760, and reigned during the American Revolution.

loyalists or tories

American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence.

virtual representation

British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members