Chapter 4 APUSH

salutary neglect

was an English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for the colonies' continued economic loyalty.

Franklin's Albany Plan

a plan by which Parliament would set up in America "one general government" for all the colonies. Each colony would retain its present constitution but would grant the new general gov such powers as the authority to govern all relations w/ Indians. The ce

French and Indian War

it was a war fought by the French and the English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley. The English defeated the French in1763 and established England as the number one world power. It began to gradually change the attitudes of the colon

Iroquois Confederacy

the 5 Indian Nations who tried to maintain the uneasy balance of power in the great lakes region.

Ohio Valley

was a region that was disputed by British, French and Indians. Indian tribes lived in the valley while France claimed it as territory and English settlement was expanding into it; tension eventually caused war to begin.

Fort Duquesne

a French fort that was site of the first major battle of the French and Indian war. General Washington led unsuccessful attack on French troops and was then defeated at Fort Necessity, marking beginning of conflict.

Paxton Boys

a band of people from western PA who descended on Philadelphia with demands for relief from colonial taxes and for money to help them defend themselves against Indians.

Stamp Act Crisis

1765, was a tax on stamps and printed materials in colonies to pay for keeping troops there and paying off war debts. It angered many colonists because of taxation without representation and led to protesting and violence; often by the sons of liberty.

Patrick Henry; the "Virginia Resolves

a set of resolutions declaring that Americans possessed the same rights as the English, especially the right to be taxed only by their own representatives

The Stamp Act Congress

they were a group of colonists who protested the stamp act. They said the Parliament couldn't raise taxes w/o the colonists consent.

Quartering Act of 1765

required the colonists to provide quarters and supplies for the British troops in America

Townshend Duties

levied new taxes on various goods imported to the colonies from England�lead, paint, paper, and tea

Internal and external taxation

their purpose was to raise revenue from the colonists w/o their consent

Boston Massacre

a crowd of dockworkers began pelting the sentries at the customs house with rocks and snowballs. The British Regiment lined up several of their men in front of the building to protect it. One soldier was knocked down and 5 bystanders were killed. This qui

Gaspee Affair

angry residents of Rhode Island boarded this British ship, set it afire, and sank it in the Narragansett Bay. The angry British, instead of putting the accused attackers on trial in colonial courts, sent a special commission to America with power to send

Tea Act of 1773

gave Britain's East India Company the right to export its merchandise directly to the colonies w/o paying any of the navigation taxes that were imposed on the colonial merchants. The company could undersell American merchants and monopolize the colonial s

Women in resistance activities

women led efforts to boycott tea after Tea Act happened, wrote anti-British pieces of literature, and created daughters of liberty to protest British actions.

Boston Tea Party

men, masquerading as Mohawks, passed through a tremendous crowd of spectators, went aboard 3 ships, broke open the tea chests & heaved them into the harbor. Other sea ports soon followed example but soon Parliament closed the port of Boston, drastically r

Coercive Act (Intolerable Acts)

far from isolating Massachusetts, made it a martyr to residents of other colonies and sparked new resistance up and down the coast

Quebec Act

it was to provide a civil government for the French-speaking Roman Catholic inhabitants of Canada & the Illinois country. It extended the boundaries of Quebec to include the French communities between Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers. It also granted polit

First Continental Congress

They made 5 major decisions. They rejected a plan for a colonial union under British authority, they endorsed a statement of grievances, they approved a series of resolutions that a Suffolk County had passed, they agreed to nonimportation, nonexportation,

Suffolk Resolve

was drafted by representatives of Boston area and approved by first continental congress; more radical statements in response to coercive acts; claimed they were no longer subject to British rule because they had been violated.

Virtual Representation

was the British argument that the American colonies were represented in parliament, since the members of parliament represented all Englishmen in the empire.

Nature of sovereignty

Americans believed that powers should be divided between leading governing force and smaller forces while the British believed that all governing power should be under one single leader and the parliament.

General Braddock

the newly appointed commander in chief of the British Army in America during the French and Indian War. However, he failed miserably in a major effort to retake the crucial site at the forks of the Ohio River and he was eventually killed there.

William Pitt

English Sec. of State and later on Prime Minister. He wanted to transfer the war efforts in America by bringing it for the first time under British control.

Battle of Quebec

the fall of this city on Sept. 13, 1759, marked the beginning of the end of the American phase of the war. A year later, in Sept 1760, the French army formally surrendered to Amherst in Montreal.

Peace of Paris, 1763

under its terms, the French ceded to GB some of their West Indian islands and most of their colonies in India. They also transferred Canada and all other French territory east of the Mississippi, except New Orleans, to GB. They ceded New Orleans and their

Proclamation of 1763

forbade settlers to advance beyond a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains.

Sugar Act (1764)

designed in part to eliminate the illegal sugar trade between the continental colonies and the French and Spanish West Indies, raised the duty on sugar and also established new vice-admiralty courts in America to try accused smugglers�thus depriving them

Direct Taxation

taxes levied either on the basis of earned income or wealth

Samuel Adams

he was the leading figure in fomenting public outrage over the Boston Massacre, and one of the most effective radicals in the colonies. He spoke frequently at Boston town meetings and gained a lot of support.

Committee of Correspondence

created by John Adams in Massachusetts. It would publicize the grievances against England throughout the colony. Many other colonies soon followed Massachusetts's lead, and there grew up a loose network of political organizations that kept the spirit of d

John Locke

was an English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people. He also said that people have natural rights to life, liberty a

Virtual Taxation

a tax paid indirectly (applied to goods)

Direct Representation

a system of choosing delegates to a representative assembly in which citizens vote directly for the delegates who will represent them

salutary neglect

was an English policy of relaxing the enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for the colonies' continued economic loyalty.

Franklin's Albany Plan

a plan by which Parliament would set up in America "one general government" for all the colonies. Each colony would retain its present constitution but would grant the new general gov such powers as the authority to govern all relations w/ Indians. The ce

French and Indian War

it was a war fought by the French and the English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley. The English defeated the French in1763 and established England as the number one world power. It began to gradually change the attitudes of the colon

Iroquois Confederacy

the 5 Indian Nations who tried to maintain the uneasy balance of power in the great lakes region.

Ohio Valley

was a region that was disputed by British, French and Indians. Indian tribes lived in the valley while France claimed it as territory and English settlement was expanding into it; tension eventually caused war to begin.

Fort Duquesne

a French fort that was site of the first major battle of the French and Indian war. General Washington led unsuccessful attack on French troops and was then defeated at Fort Necessity, marking beginning of conflict.

Paxton Boys

a band of people from western PA who descended on Philadelphia with demands for relief from colonial taxes and for money to help them defend themselves against Indians.

Stamp Act Crisis

1765, was a tax on stamps and printed materials in colonies to pay for keeping troops there and paying off war debts. It angered many colonists because of taxation without representation and led to protesting and violence; often by the sons of liberty.

Patrick Henry; the "Virginia Resolves

a set of resolutions declaring that Americans possessed the same rights as the English, especially the right to be taxed only by their own representatives

The Stamp Act Congress

they were a group of colonists who protested the stamp act. They said the Parliament couldn't raise taxes w/o the colonists consent.

Quartering Act of 1765

required the colonists to provide quarters and supplies for the British troops in America

Townshend Duties

levied new taxes on various goods imported to the colonies from England�lead, paint, paper, and tea

Internal and external taxation

their purpose was to raise revenue from the colonists w/o their consent

Boston Massacre

a crowd of dockworkers began pelting the sentries at the customs house with rocks and snowballs. The British Regiment lined up several of their men in front of the building to protect it. One soldier was knocked down and 5 bystanders were killed. This qui

Gaspee Affair

angry residents of Rhode Island boarded this British ship, set it afire, and sank it in the Narragansett Bay. The angry British, instead of putting the accused attackers on trial in colonial courts, sent a special commission to America with power to send

Tea Act of 1773

gave Britain's East India Company the right to export its merchandise directly to the colonies w/o paying any of the navigation taxes that were imposed on the colonial merchants. The company could undersell American merchants and monopolize the colonial s

Women in resistance activities

women led efforts to boycott tea after Tea Act happened, wrote anti-British pieces of literature, and created daughters of liberty to protest British actions.

Boston Tea Party

men, masquerading as Mohawks, passed through a tremendous crowd of spectators, went aboard 3 ships, broke open the tea chests & heaved them into the harbor. Other sea ports soon followed example but soon Parliament closed the port of Boston, drastically r

Coercive Act (Intolerable Acts)

far from isolating Massachusetts, made it a martyr to residents of other colonies and sparked new resistance up and down the coast

Quebec Act

it was to provide a civil government for the French-speaking Roman Catholic inhabitants of Canada & the Illinois country. It extended the boundaries of Quebec to include the French communities between Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers. It also granted polit

First Continental Congress

They made 5 major decisions. They rejected a plan for a colonial union under British authority, they endorsed a statement of grievances, they approved a series of resolutions that a Suffolk County had passed, they agreed to nonimportation, nonexportation,

Suffolk Resolve

was drafted by representatives of Boston area and approved by first continental congress; more radical statements in response to coercive acts; claimed they were no longer subject to British rule because they had been violated.

Virtual Representation

was the British argument that the American colonies were represented in parliament, since the members of parliament represented all Englishmen in the empire.

Nature of sovereignty

Americans believed that powers should be divided between leading governing force and smaller forces while the British believed that all governing power should be under one single leader and the parliament.

General Braddock

the newly appointed commander in chief of the British Army in America during the French and Indian War. However, he failed miserably in a major effort to retake the crucial site at the forks of the Ohio River and he was eventually killed there.

William Pitt

English Sec. of State and later on Prime Minister. He wanted to transfer the war efforts in America by bringing it for the first time under British control.

Battle of Quebec

the fall of this city on Sept. 13, 1759, marked the beginning of the end of the American phase of the war. A year later, in Sept 1760, the French army formally surrendered to Amherst in Montreal.

Peace of Paris, 1763

under its terms, the French ceded to GB some of their West Indian islands and most of their colonies in India. They also transferred Canada and all other French territory east of the Mississippi, except New Orleans, to GB. They ceded New Orleans and their

Proclamation of 1763

forbade settlers to advance beyond a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains.

Sugar Act (1764)

designed in part to eliminate the illegal sugar trade between the continental colonies and the French and Spanish West Indies, raised the duty on sugar and also established new vice-admiralty courts in America to try accused smugglers�thus depriving them

Direct Taxation

taxes levied either on the basis of earned income or wealth

Samuel Adams

he was the leading figure in fomenting public outrage over the Boston Massacre, and one of the most effective radicals in the colonies. He spoke frequently at Boston town meetings and gained a lot of support.

Committee of Correspondence

created by John Adams in Massachusetts. It would publicize the grievances against England throughout the colony. Many other colonies soon followed Massachusetts's lead, and there grew up a loose network of political organizations that kept the spirit of d

John Locke

was an English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people. He also said that people have natural rights to life, liberty a

Virtual Taxation

a tax paid indirectly (applied to goods)

Direct Representation

a system of choosing delegates to a representative assembly in which citizens vote directly for the delegates who will represent them