AP US History Chapter 7

Mercantilism

idea that a country's economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold in its treasury

Navigation Laws

laws that regulated trade to benefit England's Mercantilist system- only allowed them to trade with Britain

Enumerated Products

products tat had to be sent to Britain, even though there might be better prices

Monetary Deflation

there wasn't enough money in the colonies- had to print their own

Royal Veto

British right to nullify any legislation passed by the colonial system if it went against Mercantalism

Salutary Neglect

time from after King William's War to the French and Indian war where Britain let the colonies run themselves

John Hancock

rich colonist who made money by smuggling around the Navigation Laws

Rights of Englishmen

colonists had protection of British army and navy

George Grenville

the Prime Minister of Britain- ordered the navy to enforce the Navigation Acts- created the Sugar Act

Sugar Act

1st law 1765- passed by Parliament that raised taxes of colonists- on imported sugar

Quartering Act

1765- required colonists to provide food and shelter to British troops

Stamp Act

1765- mandated use of stamps that taxed most paper products

Admiralty Courts

trial where there is no jury- defendant was assumed to be guilty

Virtual Representation

representatives in Parliament represented all citizens- colonists didn't believe and wanted their own reprentative

Stamp Act Congress

1765- brought together 27 delegates from 9 colonies- asked King to repeal Act

Nonimportation Agreements

colonists would not import British goods as a protest against the new Acts- 1st political victory for the Americans

Sons of Liberty

enforced the Nonimportation Agreements- mobs violently ransacked officials' houses

Daughters of Liberty

the female version of the Sons of Liberty

Declaratory Act

Britain declares it has complete control over the colonies

Charles Townshend

persuaded Parliament to pass the Townshend Acts

Townshend Acts

act that put light taxes on lead, paper, paint and tea- hated by Americans because the profits were used to pay the government officials

Red Coats

British soldiers- sent to enforce the Townshend Acts

Crispus Attucks

black "leader" of the mob in the Boston Massacre

John Adams

defense attorney of the British troops in the Boston Massacre- future president

King George III

King who tried to assert the power of the British monarchy

Lord North

George's corrupt prime minister

Samuel Adams

organizer of rebellion- started the committees of correspondence

Committees of Correspondence

ways for the colonies to comunicated with each other- the future Congresses

British East India Company

company was going to go bankrupt, British government let them sell left over tea to Americans at a cheap price, while still taxing it

Annapolis Tea Party

colonists burned tea and a ship in Annapolis

Boston Tea Party

colonists dressed up as Indians and dumped tea into the Boston Harbor- led to Intolerable Acts

Intolerable Acts

acts that removed many of the rights of the colonists- Boston Port closes, British officials could be tried in England, the charter of Massachusetts revoked, guaranteed Catholicism to French-Canadians (good law)

Boston Port Act

Britain closed the harbor as punishment until the damages were paid

Quebec Act

French-Canadians were guaranteed Catholicism

First Continental Congress

1774- ment in Philadelphia to discuss colony problems- came up with list of grievances (ignored by Britain), and Declaration of Rights, agreed to meet the next year

The Association

organization that wanted a complete boycott of British goods

Minutemen

name of the colonial militia

Lexington

8 Americans are killed by Red Coats trying to seize power and capture Sam Adams and John Hancock- the first battle of the Revolutionary war

Concord

Red coats pushed on, but were pushed back by colonists- one of the first battles of the war

Hessians

professional German soldiers hired by the British to fight in the war- not really commited

Loyalists

colonists who supported Britian

Marquis de Lafayette

French general- helped fund the war for the Americans

Continental Currency

money printed by the Continental Congress- worthless

Valley Forge

cold battle in the winter where thecolonists were almost naked

Patriots

name for American fighters and supporters

Baron von Steuben

stern drillmaster- whipped the soldiers into shape