Appalachian Mountain whites
the only group of white southerners who strongly opposed slavery and the slave owners who ended up creating the separate state of West Virginia
the Cotton Kingdom
term for the South that emphasized its economic dependence on a single staple product
Lords of the Loom
Pro-southern New England textile owners who were economically tied to the southern "lords of the lash
free blacks
the poor, vulnerable group that was the object of prejudice in the North and despised as a "3rd race" in the South
American Slavery As It Is
Theodore Dwight Weld's powerful antislavery book
The Black Belt
the area of the south where most slaves were held, stretching from South Carolina across to Louisiana
The Bible Belt
the area of the south where slavery was more and more opposed, stretching from Virginia to the middle states
American Colonization's
organization founded in 1817 to send blacks back to Africa (Liberia)
the Lane Rebels
the group of theology students, led by Theodore Dwight Weld, who were expelled for abolitionist activity and later became leading preachers of the antislavery gospel
the Liberator
William Lloyd Garrison's fervent abolitionist newspaper that preached an immediate end to slavery
Antislavery Society
Garrisonian abolitionist organization, founded in 1833, that included the eloquent Wendell Phillips among its leaders
Gag rule
strict rule passed by pro-southern Congressmen in 1836 to prohibit all discussion of slavery in the House or Representatives
Free Soilers
Northern antislavery politicians, like Abraham Lincoln, who rejected radical abolitionism but sought to prohibit the expansion of slavery in the western territories
Crackers
slang for poor whites that were against slavery in the south. Given the name due to the fact that they were so poor, they had to crack they're own cornmeal in order to make bread. Also called lowland whites or poor whites (basically the white trash of the
Liberia
West African Republic founded in 1822 by freed blacks from the U.S.
Lane Theological Seminary
Midwestern institution whose president expelled 18 students for organizing a debate on slavery
Virginia Legislature
Site of the last major debate over slavery and emancipation in 1831-1832
Wendell Phillips
one of the leaders of the Antislavery society
Abraham Lincoln
was a free soiler
Sir Walter Scott
English novelist whose romantic medievalism encouraged the semi-feudal ideas of the southern planters aristocracy
Harriet Beecher Stowe
author of an abolitionist novel that portrayed the separation of slave families by auction
Nat Turner
Visionary black preacher whose bloody slave rebellion in 1831 tightened the reigns of slavery in the south
Lewis Tappan
Wealthy New York abolitionist merchant whose home was demolished by a mob in 1834
William Lloyd Garrison
leading radical abolitionist who burned the Constitution as "a covenant with death and agreement with hell
David Walker
Black abolitionist writer who called for a bloody end to slavery in the appeal of 1829
Sojourner Truth
New York free black woman who fought for emancipation and woman's rights
Martin Delany
Black abolitionist who visited West Africa in 1859 to examine sites where African Americans might relocate
Frederick Douglass
Escaped slave and great black abolitionist who fought to end slavery through political action
John Quincy Adams
Former president who fought for the right to discuss slavery in Congress
Elijah Lovejoy
Illinois editor whose death at the hands of a mob made him an abolitionist martyr