APUSH CH 16

Appalachian Mountain whites

the only group of white southerners who strongly opposed slavery and the slave owners who ended up creating the separate state of West Virginia

the Cotton Kingdom

term for the South that emphasized its economic dependence on a single staple product

Lords of the Loom

Pro-southern New England textile owners who were economically tied to the southern "lords of the lash

free blacks

the poor, vulnerable group that was the object of prejudice in the North and despised as a "3rd race" in the South

American Slavery As It Is

Theodore Dwight Weld's powerful antislavery book

The Black Belt

the area of the south where most slaves were held, stretching from South Carolina across to Louisiana

The Bible Belt

the area of the south where slavery was more and more opposed, stretching from Virginia to the middle states

American Colonization's

organization founded in 1817 to send blacks back to Africa (Liberia)

the Lane Rebels

the group of theology students, led by Theodore Dwight Weld, who were expelled for abolitionist activity and later became leading preachers of the antislavery gospel

the Liberator

William Lloyd Garrison's fervent abolitionist newspaper that preached an immediate end to slavery

Antislavery Society

Garrisonian abolitionist organization, founded in 1833, that included the eloquent Wendell Phillips among its leaders

Gag rule

strict rule passed by pro-southern Congressmen in 1836 to prohibit all discussion of slavery in the House or Representatives

Free Soilers

Northern antislavery politicians, like Abraham Lincoln, who rejected radical abolitionism but sought to prohibit the expansion of slavery in the western territories

Crackers

slang for poor whites that were against slavery in the south. Given the name due to the fact that they were so poor, they had to crack they're own cornmeal in order to make bread. Also called lowland whites or poor whites (basically the white trash of the

Liberia

West African Republic founded in 1822 by freed blacks from the U.S.

Lane Theological Seminary

Midwestern institution whose president expelled 18 students for organizing a debate on slavery

Virginia Legislature

Site of the last major debate over slavery and emancipation in 1831-1832

Wendell Phillips

one of the leaders of the Antislavery society

Abraham Lincoln

was a free soiler

Sir Walter Scott

English novelist whose romantic medievalism encouraged the semi-feudal ideas of the southern planters aristocracy

Harriet Beecher Stowe

author of an abolitionist novel that portrayed the separation of slave families by auction

Nat Turner

Visionary black preacher whose bloody slave rebellion in 1831 tightened the reigns of slavery in the south

Lewis Tappan

Wealthy New York abolitionist merchant whose home was demolished by a mob in 1834

William Lloyd Garrison

leading radical abolitionist who burned the Constitution as "a covenant with death and agreement with hell

David Walker

Black abolitionist writer who called for a bloody end to slavery in the appeal of 1829

Sojourner Truth

New York free black woman who fought for emancipation and woman's rights

Martin Delany

Black abolitionist who visited West Africa in 1859 to examine sites where African Americans might relocate

Frederick Douglass

Escaped slave and great black abolitionist who fought to end slavery through political action

John Quincy Adams

Former president who fought for the right to discuss slavery in Congress

Elijah Lovejoy

Illinois editor whose death at the hands of a mob made him an abolitionist martyr