Eratosthenes
Accepted that Earth is round. He calculated the Earth's circumference within 0.5% accuracy.
A revival of geography and map making occurred in Europe during the...
Age of Exploration
Maps
Serve two purposes:
1. reference sources to find short routes and avoid being lost
2. tools for communicating geographical information about the distribution of features and the reasons underlying the distribution.
To Make a Map you need...
1. Projection
2. Scale
Projection and Distortion
Projection is transferring Earth's sphere to paper.
Distortion can occur with:
- shape
- distance
- relative size
- direction
GIS: Geographic Information System
- computer system that stores, captures, and analyzes geographic information.
- stores information in layers (land ownership, hydrology, forest cover, and soils)
- enables geographers to calculate whether relationship between objects on a map are signific
Geocoding
the position of any object on Earth can be measured/recorded with mathematical precision then stored in a computer
Remote Sensing
The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.
GPS: Global Positioning System
a system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers
Mash-Up
- the practice of overlaying data from one source on top of one of the mapping services
- typically show businesses and activities
Place vs. Location
place involves feeling or emotion, and location involves actual position on Earths surface.
Site
physical character of a place, used to describe the location of a place. includes:
- climate
- water sources
- soil
- topography
- vegetation
- latitutde/longitude
- elevation
Situation
location of a place relative to other places
help us:
- find unfamiliar places by comparing locations
- understand importance of location
Toponym
name given to a place on Earth
Region
an area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics
- a region gets character through the cultural landscape (a combination of cultural, economic, and physical features)
- seldom recognized from within (accents, culture)
- used to make sen
Functional Region
- are organized around a node/focal point. dominant central focus, with diminishing importance outward.
- region tied together through transportation, communication systems, and economic associations.
- used to display information about economic areas.
-
Vernacular Region
An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.
Formal Region
- An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics.
ex: common language, economic activity, environmental property
used to explain patterns
Globalization
- a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope.
- the scale of the world is shrinking.
Transnational Corporation
conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters is.
- globalization of the economy has been led primarily by transnational corporations
Globalization of Culture
- used to that people know what to expect anywhere
Location vs. Situation
location = objective
situation = subjective
Movement
Change in physical location
Migration
movement from one area to another to settle
Distribution
the pattern in which things spread around
Space
the official name for an area.
ex: a classroom
(how rooms are laid out based on function)
Spatial Interaction
when places are connected to each other through a network.
Distance Decay
the farther away one group is from another, the less likely the two groups are to interact.
Space-Time Compression
The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems.
Diffusion
the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time.
Place
an area that has meaning or value
ex: the community forest, statue of liberty
Scale
world as an onion. small scale to larger scale (body, to home, to neighborhood, to town, to county)
- we interact differently in different scales, meanings change in different scales
- scales overlap
How we think about an area helps define:
space and place
Space vs. Place
Space = actual area
Place = meaning attached to area
Where is HSU's location? It's site?
Location = long/lat point
Site = features used to describe location, such as between the ocean and the forest north of Eureka.
Location of a flu epidemic vs. its distribution
Location deals with where the epidemic is, and distribution deals with how the epidemic spread to those areas.
What regions do you live in? What characterizes those regions?
Humboldt region
Difference between physical, cultural, and environmental geography
...
How would a geographer study the election differently than a politician?
A geographer would study where people voted and study the ideas possible as the why they voted that way. They would observe patterns and try to relate them to location and place. Politicians just want to get votes.
Eratosthenes
Accepted that Earth is round. He calculated the Earth's circumference within 0.5% accuracy.
A revival of geography and map making occurred in Europe during the...
Age of Exploration
Maps
Serve two purposes:
1. reference sources to find short routes and avoid being lost
2. tools for communicating geographical information about the distribution of features and the reasons underlying the distribution.
To Make a Map you need...
1. Projection
2. Scale
Projection and Distortion
Projection is transferring Earth's sphere to paper.
Distortion can occur with:
- shape
- distance
- relative size
- direction
GIS: Geographic Information System
- computer system that stores, captures, and analyzes geographic information.
- stores information in layers (land ownership, hydrology, forest cover, and soils)
- enables geographers to calculate whether relationship between objects on a map are signific
Geocoding
the position of any object on Earth can be measured/recorded with mathematical precision then stored in a computer
Remote Sensing
The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods.
GPS: Global Positioning System
a system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers
Mash-Up
- the practice of overlaying data from one source on top of one of the mapping services
- typically show businesses and activities
Place vs. Location
place involves feeling or emotion, and location involves actual position on Earths surface.
Site
physical character of a place, used to describe the location of a place. includes:
- climate
- water sources
- soil
- topography
- vegetation
- latitutde/longitude
- elevation
Situation
location of a place relative to other places
help us:
- find unfamiliar places by comparing locations
- understand importance of location
Toponym
name given to a place on Earth
Region
an area of Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristics
- a region gets character through the cultural landscape (a combination of cultural, economic, and physical features)
- seldom recognized from within (accents, culture)
- used to make sen
Functional Region
- are organized around a node/focal point. dominant central focus, with diminishing importance outward.
- region tied together through transportation, communication systems, and economic associations.
- used to display information about economic areas.
-
Vernacular Region
An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.
Formal Region
- An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics.
ex: common language, economic activity, environmental property
used to explain patterns
Globalization
- a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope.
- the scale of the world is shrinking.
Transnational Corporation
conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters is.
- globalization of the economy has been led primarily by transnational corporations
Globalization of Culture
- used to that people know what to expect anywhere
Location vs. Situation
location = objective
situation = subjective
Movement
Change in physical location
Migration
movement from one area to another to settle
Distribution
the pattern in which things spread around
Space
the official name for an area.
ex: a classroom
(how rooms are laid out based on function)
Spatial Interaction
when places are connected to each other through a network.
Distance Decay
the farther away one group is from another, the less likely the two groups are to interact.
Space-Time Compression
The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems.
Diffusion
the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time.
Place
an area that has meaning or value
ex: the community forest, statue of liberty
Scale
world as an onion. small scale to larger scale (body, to home, to neighborhood, to town, to county)
- we interact differently in different scales, meanings change in different scales
- scales overlap
How we think about an area helps define:
space and place
Space vs. Place
Space = actual area
Place = meaning attached to area
Where is HSU's location? It's site?
Location = long/lat point
Site = features used to describe location, such as between the ocean and the forest north of Eureka.
Location of a flu epidemic vs. its distribution
Location deals with where the epidemic is, and distribution deals with how the epidemic spread to those areas.
What regions do you live in? What characterizes those regions?
Humboldt region
Difference between physical, cultural, and environmental geography
...
How would a geographer study the election differently than a politician?
A geographer would study where people voted and study the ideas possible as the why they voted that way. They would observe patterns and try to relate them to location and place. Politicians just want to get votes.