AP human geography chapter 4 vocab

assimilation

The process through which people lose originality differentiating traits, such as dress, speech, particularities, or mannerisms, when they come into contact with another society or culture.

authenticity

in the context of local cultures or customs, the accuracy with a single stereotypical or typecast image or experience conveys an otherwise dynamic and complex local culture.

commodification

The process through which something is given monetary value.

cultural appropriation

The process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefit

cultural landscape

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape.

culture

The sum total of the knowledge, attitudes, and habitual behavior patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a society.

custom

Practice routinely followed by a group of people

diffusion routes

The spatial trajectory through which cultural traits or other phenomena spread

distance decay

The effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction

ethnic neighborhoods

Neighborhood, typically situated in a larger metropolitan city and constructed by or comprised of a local culture, in which a local culture can practice its customs

folk culture

Cultural traits such as clothings, dwellings, traditions, and institutions of usually small, traditional communities

folk-housing regions

A region in which the housing stock predominantly reflects styles of building that are particular to the culture of the people who have long inhabited the area

global-local continuum

The notion that what happens at the global scale has a direct effect on what happens at the local scale, and vice versa.

glocalization

The process by which people in a local place mediate and alter regional, national, and global processes

hearth

The area where an idea or cultural trait originates

hierarchical diffusion

A form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by passing first among the most connected places or peoples.

local culture

Group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share experiences, customs, and traits.

material culture

The art, housing, clothing, sports, dances, foods, and other similar items constructed or created by a group of people

neolocalism

The seeking out of the regional culture and reinvigoration of it in response to the uncertainty of the modern world

nonmaterial culture

The beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people

placelessness

Defined by geographer Edward Relph as the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next

popular culture

Cultural traits such as dress, diet, and music that identify and are part of today's changeable, urban-based, media-influenced western societies

Reterritorialization

With respect to popular culture, when people within a place start to produce an aspect of popular culture themselves, doing so in the context of their local culture

time-space compression

A term associated with the work of David Harvey that refers to the social and psychological effects of living in a world in which time-space convergence has rapidly reached a high level of intensity