Remittances
Money migrants send back, money migrant send back to family and friends in their home coutnries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer coutnries.
Cyclic Movements
Movement that has a closed route and is repeated annually or seasonally.
Nomadism
Movement among a definite set of places.
Periodic Movements
Movement that involves temporary, recurrent relocation.
Migrant Labor
A common type of periodic movemetn involving millions of worker in the US and tens of millions of workers worldwide who cross internationl borders in search of employment and become immigrants, in many instances.
Transhumance
A seasonal periodic movement of pastorarists and their livestock between highland and lowland.
Military Service
Another common form of periodic movement involving as many as 10 million US citizens in a given year, including military personnel and their families, who are moved to new locations where they will spend tours of duty lasting up to several years.
Migration
A change in residence intended to be permanent.
International Migration
Human movement involving movement across international boundaries.
Forced Migration
Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.
Voluntary Migration
Movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity.
Laws of Migration
Developed by British demographer Ernst Ravenstein, 5 laws that predict the flow of migrants.
Gravity Model
A mathematical prediction to the interaction of places, the interaction between being a function of population size of the respective places and the distance between them.
Push Factors
Negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their adobe and migrate to a new location.
Pull Factors
Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attact people to new locations from other areas.
Distance Decay
The effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction.
Step Migration
Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city.
Kinship Links
Types of push or pull factors that influence a migrant's decision to go where family or friends have already found success.
Chain Migration
Pattern of migration that develops when migrants move along and through kinship links.
Immigration Wave
Phenomenon whereby different patterns of chain migration build upon one another to create a swell in migration from one origin to the same destination.
Explorers
A person examining a region that is unknown to them.
Colonization
Physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in indentured outsiders to gain control of the people and the land.
Islands of Development
Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and infrastructure
Guest Workers
Legal immigrant who has a work visa, usually short term.
Refugees
People who have fled their country because of political persecution and seek asylum in another country.
Internal Refugees
People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee.
Selective Immigration
Process to control immigration in which individuals with certain backgrounds are barred from immigrating.
Asylum
Shelter and protection in one state for refugees from another state.
Immigration Laws
Laws and regulations of a state designed specifically to control immigration into that state.
Quotas
Established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year.
Activity Spaces
The space within which daily activity occurs.
Intervening Oppurtunity
Migrants may find a place more appealing before reaching intended destination.
International Refugees
Refugees who have crossed one or more international boundaries during their dislocation, searching for asylum in a different country.
Internal Migration
Human movement within a nation-state, such as ongoing westward and southward movements in the US.