Acculturation
The adaptation of cultural traits to be taken on by another culture/group, to benefit their community.
Adaption
Adjusting to a translation based on the cultural environment of the target language.
Animism
The belief that spirits are present in animals, plants, and other natural objects.
Assimilation
When one culture of people lose their culture by mimicking cultural traits of another group they have come in contact with.
Creole
The language as a result of a colonizer's language mixing with the indigenous people's language that are being dominated over in the process of colonization
Cultural Appropriation
The process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefit.
Cultural Complex
The group of traits that defines a particular culture
Cultural convergence and divergence
Convergence: Contact and interaction between one culture and other.
Divergence: The separation of cultures through less and less contact and interaction between them
Cultural realm
The region in which a cultural group or identity exists
Cultural regions
A formal or functional region within which common cultural characteristics prevail.
Cultural shatter-belt
An area of instability between regions with opposing political and cultural values.
Dialect
The style of language, categorized by the use of different vocabulary, grammar, and punctuation of the same spoken language, spoken by people or differing social class or profession or location
Diffusion
a. Expansion
b. Relocation
a; The spread of an innovation or idea through a population in an area.
b; The spread of a characteristic or trait from physical movement of people from one place to another.
Dowry Death
Deaths of young women who are murdered or driven to suicide by continuous harassment and torture by husbands.
Enfranchisement
A statutory right or privilege granted to a person or group by a government.
Ethnic Cleansing
The mass expulsion and killing of one ethnic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area.
Ethnic homeland
The concept of the place to which an ethnic group holds a long history and a deep cultural association with.
Ethnic neighborhood
An area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background.
Ethnic religion (Hindu, Judaism)
A religion identified with a particular ethnic group and largely exclusive to it.
Fendamentalism
Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion.
Gender gap
Difference in political views between men and women.
Geomancy
Divination by means of sign connected with the Earth
Global-Local continuum
What happens at the global scale has a direct effect on what happens at the local scale, and vice-versa.
Infanticide
The killing of a baby
Innovation adoption
The diffusion of new ideas
Inter/Intra- faith boundaries
Inter: The boundaries between the world's major faiths.
Intra: The boundaries within a major religion
Isogloss
The boundaries that separate the use of particular words usage between and within regions.
Languages family/group
Language Family; A group of languages that share the same distant origin, or original language
Language Group; A set of languages within a a branch that share a common resent past, and have common grammar and vocabulary.
Lingua franca
The language of common use among people who speak different native languages for the purpose of communication with trade and commerce.
Material/Nonmaterial Culture
The physical objects that are apart of a culture/ a part of a culture that is not tangible.
Maternal mortality rate (MMR)
Number of deaths per thousand women giving birth.
Monolingual/ Bilingual/ multilingual
Knowing or able to use only one language/Knowing or able to speak two languages/ Knowing or able to speak multiple languages
Monotheism/polytheism
Mono: Belief in a single god
Poly: Belief in multiple gods
Official language
The language used by the government of an area to be used to conduct business, and the language documents will be written, in that government.
Pidgin
form of talking using simple grammar or vocabulary, to allow two people of different languages to communicate
Pilgrimage
A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes.
Placelessness
Defined by geographer Edward Relph as the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next.
Protolanguage
Language inherited from several daughter languages
Reincarnation
The Hindu or Buddhist doctrine that a person may be reborn successively into one of five classes of living beings.
Sacred Space
A place that is important to a specific religion.
Secularism
The belief in material things instead of religious things
Segregation
The separation or isolation of a race, class, or group.
Shamanism
An animistic religion of Northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit world is affected by shamans.
Sharia law
System of Islamic law based on the Quran.
Sunni/Shia (Shi'te)
Sunni: The most popular branch of Islam. They believe in the legitimacy of the early caliphs, compared to the second largest branch's belief that only a descendent of Ali can lead.
Shia: A group of Islamic religion that believes that its religious leader
Survey systems
The way land is surveyed and spatially identified before designating ownership.
Syncretism
The blending of traits from two different cultures to form a new trait.
Theocracy
A government run by religious leaders.
Topynym
A place name
Universalizing (Buddhism, Christianity, Islam)
A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location.