The History of Sports Medicine
- Started becoming a recognized field in the early 20th century Concern for military training and rehabilitation
- 1912 - First known meeting was in Germany at the Sport's Physician's Congress
- 1954 - American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) was officially founded
Sports Medicine
� A multidisciplinary approach to health care for those seriously involved in exercise and sport
Team Doctor (MD)
- A physician (MD) specializing in sports medicine who helps the athlete maximize function and minimize time away from the sport.
- Educational requirements for Team Doctors:
o Bachelor's Degree in whatever major -> Med School -> Residency (7 yrs) -> Certified
Family Doctor (MD)
- The primary physician (MD) involved in the athlete's care
- Family doctors have the athlete's complete history and are in a better position than team doctors to supervise long term care.
- Pros & Cons of Family Doctors:
o Pros: Knows patients medical history (shots, immunizations, etc)
o Cons: Not specialized in Sports Med
Physician Assistant (PA)
� The physician assistant (PA) works interdependently with a physician to provide diagnostic and therapeutic care
� Educational requirements for Physician Assistants:
o Bachelor's Degrees -> Grad for accredited PA assistance program
Physical Therapist (DPT)
� The physical therapist (DPT) is responsible for performing treatments such as therapeutic exercise, hydrotherapy, and electrotherapy, and for performing procedures dealing with individual muscles and muscular movement.
� Educational requirements for Physical Therapists: Bachelors -> DPT program
Physical Therapy Assistant (PTA)
� The physical therapy assistant (PTA) works with physical therapists, assisting in the development of treatment plans for injured patients
� Educational requirements for Physical Therapy Assistants: Associates Degree � PTA program
Chiropractor (DC)
� The chiropractor (DC) is a health specialist who provides conservative management of neuromuscular disorders and functional clinical conditions
Massage Therapist
� The massage therapist (CMT) works with physicians, nurses, and physical therapists to promote health and healing and to help manage stress.
� Educational requirements for Massage Therapists: 500 hours of training -> receive credits
Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS)
� A certified strength and conditioning specialist (CSCS) designs and implements safe and effective strength and conditioning programs
� Educational requirements for Strength & Conditioning Specialists: Bachelor's � CSCS Exam
Personal Trainer
� A National Strength and Conditioning Association Certified Personal Trainer (NSCA-CPT) designs and implements safe and effective strength and conditioning programs for individual clients.
� Educational requirements for Personal Trainers: High school diploma
Sports Nutritionist
� The sports dietician designs special diets capable of enhancing athletic performance
� Proper diet can result in better athletic results.
� Credential: RD
� Educational requirements for Sports Nutritionists: Bachelor's Degree in Nutrition
Sports Psychologist
� The sports psychologist works with athletes who are recovering from serious injury, giving emotional support and helping with goal setting and motivation.
� Credential: PhD
� Educational requirements for Sports Psychologists: Bachelor's -> Master's Degree -> Doctoral Degree -> Clinicals
Role of Coaches
� The primary role of the coaches are to teach and direct activities in which the athlete participates
� Compete without injury
Role of Parents
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What is an Athletic Trainer?
� An Athletic Trainer is a health care professional who collaborates with sports medicine team to optimize the activity and participation of patients and clients.
What is Athletic Training
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The History of Athletic Training
- Galen - a physician and philosopher that worked as an athletic trainer and physician to gladiators in ancient Rome
- 1930's - "athletic training" began to emerge as a healthcare profession Most seen in traditional settings
- 1950 - formation of National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA)
- 1972 - Title IX
Title IX
Title IX allowed there to be an equal amount of female sports as male sports.
Work Settings for the ATC
1. Schools (K-12, colleges, universities)
2. Amateur, professional ,and recreational sports
3. Clinics
4. Hospitals
5. Physician offices
6. Preforming arts
7. Industrial/Occupational
8. Government/Military
Responsibilities of an Athletic Trainer
The clinical tasks routinely performed by ATC's are organized into six domains:
1. Prevention
2. Recognition, evaluation, and assessment
3. Immediate and emergency care
4. Treatment and rehabiliation
5. Organization and administration
6. Professional responsibilities
How to become a certified athletic trainer
- Earn a degree from an accredited athletic training program (ATEP): Injury/illness prevention, First aid and emergency care, Assessment of injury/illness, Human anatomy and physiology, Therapeutic modalities, Nutrition
- Clinical education
- Pass the Board of Certification (BOC) exam
- Maintain continuing education units (CEU's) -> 50 CEUS every 2 years
- Follow code of ethics
Negligence
failure to use ordinary or reasonable care
omission
if something wasn't done that should've been done
commission
doing something that should not have been done
Liable
responsible for the harm one causes another person
- Anyone who works outside the scope of practice and expertise can be found negligent and therefore liable for their own actions.
National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA)
- Professional membership association for ATC's and others who support the profession
- 30,000 members worldwide today
- Website: www.nata.org
Who will be served by program?
Athletes
What factors should be considered in thinking how athletes would be served in the athletic training room?
1. What am I looking for in an athletic training room? (ATR)
2. What type of equipment?
3. How much space?
4. Type of sports?
5. How many athletes do I accommodate for?
6. What about electrical drainage, air conditioning, washer/dryer, etc?
Facility Personnel Coverage
Dependent upon when the athletic trainer is there (all day, weekends, just during games, practices etc.)
Sports Coverage
Certified athletic trainer should attend all practices and games dependent on personnel
Maintenance of the ATR
Operation should abide by policies set forth by OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) due to blood and bacteria
Examples of ATR Rules
o NO equipment/cleats in training room
o Shoes off treatment tables
o No roughhousing
o No food
Cleaning both custodial and athletic trainer
Size of the ATR
Depends on the space available and the number of teams/athletes serviced
Location of the ATR
Must be easily accessible to athletic fields, courts and locker rooms
Areas of the ATR
- Treatment Area
- Electrotherapy Area
- Hydrotherapy Area
- Exercise / Rehab Area
- Taping / Bandage Area
- Physician's Examination Room
- Records Area
Treatment Area
o Should include treatment tables (preferably of adjustable height)
o Easy access to modalities
o Adjustable stools on rollers
Electrotherapy Area
o Used for ultrasound, electrical and other modalities
o Units should be plugged in to GFIs, preferably in the walls and several feet above the floor
o Units should be secured when not in use
Hydrotherapy Area
o Floor should slope toward a centrally located drain
o GFI's should be placed 4 ft above the floor
o Cords and wires kept clear of the floor
o Electrical Systems
Electrical Systems
- GFI's - interrupts the flow of electricity if there is an electricity surge; protects from electrical shock
- Risk of electrical shock in electrotherapy and hydrotherapy areas
Exercise Rehabilitation Area
o Types of equipment will depend on the space available
o Exercise machines for every part of the body
o Dumbbells and free weights
o Balance equipment
Taping / Bandage Area
o Quantity dependent upon number of athletes
o Adequate storage
Physicians Examination Room
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Records Area
o Devoted to record-keeping
o Should be accessible to sports medicine personnel only
o Should be kept for 7 years after the athlete leaves
Expenable Items
Non-reusable items (ie: Athletic tape, or any items that are non reusable.)
Non-expenable Items
Reusable items (ie: Treatment tables, Whirlpool bowls, or any items that are reusable)