Math 155 Test 1

outcome

the result of one trial of an experiment

sample space

the set of different possible individual outcomes of a chance process

event

the set A of the outcomes of an experiment (so A is a subset of the sample space)

probability

the likelihood of an event

theoretical probability

the fraction or percentage of times that the event should happen

empirical/experimental probability

the fraction or percentage of times given event occurs when you perform an event a number of times

uniform probability model

a probability model in which distinct possible outcomes of a chance process are all equally likely

Law of Large Numbers

The more trials we conduct of a given experiment, the closer the experimental probability of an event gets to the theoretical probability of the event.

multi-stage experiment

performing several experiments in a row, such as flipping a coin three times in a row (a three-stage experiment) or rolling a dice twice (a two-stage experiment).

independent

if the result of one outcome has no bearing on the result of the next outcome

dependent

if the result of one outcome affects the result of the next outcome

four main components of teaching statistics

formulate questions, collect data, analyze data, interpret results

two types of data

numerical and categorical

population

full set of people or things that the study is designed to investigate

sample

a subset of the population

graphs for categorical data

real graph, pictograph, bar graph, pie chart

graphs for numerical data

dot plot, histogram, stem and leaf plot, line graph, scatterplot

real graph

uses real objects to display data

pictograph

uses icons or pictures to display data instead of real objects