accurately predict your own behavior and the behavior of others
What are two main advantages of explaining behavior?
No triggering event and goal oriented
What are the characteristics of a willed action?
Causes action/I am free to do as I will
What is will?
Libert study
Conscious will happens after the behavior begins.
Fight, Flight, Pray
How did our early ancestors deal with environmental or other events out of their control?
Descartes
Dualism-body and mind
Spinoza
Rejected dualism, mind is activity of body
Darwin
Humans are biological organisms like animals, learn human behavior by studying animals and behavior is legit.
Watson
coined the term "behaviorist" studied human emotion
Thorndike
Operant Conditioning
Pavlov
Classic Conditioning (Bell = salivate)
Skinner
Radical behaviorism, father of;
behavior analysis
science that studies environmental events that change behavior.
self reports
Observer relies on memory of behavior. 1. Lack detail, 2. Can't be checked, 3. Are often wrong.
Dualism
Body and mind
Monism
Mind = material
Yes
Do behavior analysts believe that thoughts exists?
heuristics
common sense - intended to increase the probability of problem solving.
reification
turning heuristic description of behavior to the cause of behavior. Mistake description as cause/think we have explained it.
direct observation
observer sees and immediately records it.
time-sampling
set time divided into intervals and at the end of each interval if behavior is occurring then mark it. It is like taking a picture at the end.
event
record every instance of behavior, duration needs to be equal each time and need to see onset/offset of behavior.
outcome
you do not need to observe the behavior occurring, but we need to see if the environment changed as a result of the behavior occurring.
interval
Set time divided into equal segments, and if behavior occurred at all during the interval, record the behavior.
Reliability
what is Inter-Observer Agreement?
(agreement/agreement+disagreement)100
How is IOA calculated?
90%
What is an acceptable level of IOA
single-subject design
what designs do behavior analysts use?
comparison
A-B design
reversal
A-B-A design
Multiple baseline
AAA