Cell Membrane
-Forms the cells outer boundary
-Covers and protects the cell
-Selectively permeable barrier-allows some things to pass and not others
-Links to other cells and helps with cellular communication
Cytoplasm
Contains all the cellular contents between the membrane and nucleus. Consists of Cytosol fluid and organelles.
Cytosol
Intracellular Fluid. Site of many chemical reactions. Provide the building blocks for cell maintenance structure, function and growth.
Organelles
Sub-cellular structures embedded in the cytosol. Differing shapes and functions.
Nucleus
A large organelle containing DNA molecules and the cells genes which are located on Chromosomes.
Cytoskeleton
A structural network of protein filaments throughout the cytosol. Consists of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
Centrosome
Consists of two centrioles located near the nucleus. Directs movement of DNA during cell division.
Cilia
Short, hair-like projections from the cell surface. Move substances across the cell surface.
Flagella
Longer than Cilia, move an entire cell. Only found in a sperm cell's tail.
Ribosomes
Join amino acids together to make proteins. Live on the rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of membranes in the shape of flattened sacs or tubules.
Rough ER
Connected to the nuclear envelope. The surface is studded with ribosomes making it look rough. Protein synthesis
Smooth ER
A network of membrane tubules which does not have ribosomes. Synthesis of lipids.
Golgi Complex
3-20 flattened membranous sacs. Processing and packaging. Modify, sort and package proteins for transport to different locations.
Secretory Vesicle
A sac containing proteins. Transport proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane.
Lysosomes
Are membrane bounded vesicles that broke off the Golgi complex. Contain powerful digestive enzymes.
Mitochondria
Sausage shaped, Prevalent in active cells: muscles, liver, kidneys. Produce ATP which provides cellular energy.
Nuclear Envelope
A double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear Pores
Numerous openings in the nuclear envelope. Control movement of substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Nucleolus
Spherical body that produces ribosomes.
Gene
A short section of the chromosome which contains information for synthesis of part of a protein.
Protein
The workforce that operate cell activities and make its structure.