The _____________ are filled with _____________, making their primary function delivering oxygen to the cells and picking up carbon dioxide to be exhaled.
red blood cells
hemoglobin
What is the chief function of white blood cells?
Is to protect the body against invaders such as bacteria and viruses.
The________ produce antibodies against specific antigens, usually viruses.
lymphocytes
What stops bleeding when an injury occurs?
the platelets
Hg
Hgb
hemoglobin
allosteric protein
hemoglobin
found in erythrocytes, which transports molecular oxygen in the blood to the cells of the body.
Anemia
the medical term given when a patent's circulating erythrocytes are deficient.
Normal range of hemoglobin for males is
14 to 18 g/dl
Normal rangle of hemoglobin for females is
12 to 16 g/dl.
Panic Value
Always requires immediate intervention by the health care provider.
Polycythemia
the bone marrow is producing too many red blood cells.
What kind of blood is used for a hematocrit test?
either capillary blood or venous blood.
The normal hematocrit range for males is
40 percent to 54 percent
The normal hematocrit range for females is
37 percent to 47 percent
Anemia
a decrease in the total number of red blood cells constitutes a type of anemia.
When the WBC is elevated, it indicates
a disease process if some type whether it is an infection or precursor to leukemia.
When the WBC is decreased the patient could be
immunocompromised due to HIV or AIDs infection or current cancer therapy in the form of chemotherapy or radiation treatments.
WBC
white blood cells
Morphology
the technician reviews the slide for abnormalities of the red blood cells, such as in size and shape.
What do the lab use prior to reviewing the slides under the oil immersion lens of the microscope?
Wrights stain
Glemsa Stain
Neutrophils
phagocytosis and killing of bacteria
release of pyrogen that produces fever
Erythrocyte sedimentation
is also know as the ERS or the sed rate
What is the sed rate an indication of?
How much inflammation is occurring in the patients body response to a disease condition.
ESR rate value for females
0 to 20 mm
ESR rate for males
0 to 10 mm
FBS
fasting blood sugar
What is an average range for a fasting blood sugar?
70 to 126 mg
What are considered ideal cholesterol numbers?
180 to 200 mg/dl
Immunology
the study of the bodies ability to prevent and fight infection.
Infectious mononucleosis
an illness caused by the epstein barr virus.
ages 10 to 25 years.
EBV
Epstein Barr Virus
A life threatening reaction must be counteracted with an injection of ___________ immediately to prevent ___________ shock.
adrenalin
anaphylactic
All _______________ __________ should be refrigerated unless otherwise specified.
allergy serum
Following any injection, a patient must be observed ___ for possible reaction.
20 minutes
___________ of substances that are commonly the cause of allergy in patients.
Extracts
Many of the ________ vary in strength from one company to another.
skin testing extracts
Contact dermatitis
the patch test is performed to determine the cause of contact dermatitis.
Where do they perform the patch tests?
the arm
What is a nasal smear?
a smear done with nasal secretions to observe the eosinophil count.
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
Testing for HIV, What are the first stages like?
the first stages of the infection mimic the flu or mononucleosis with fatigue, slight fever, aching, lymph node swelling and tenderness and weight loss.
HDL
good cholesterol
HDL cholesterol levels
> 45 mg/ dl (fasting)
When the levels are less than 45 mg/dl, the patient is more apt to have _____________ in the arteries.
plaque