MIS infrastructure
includes the plans for how a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets
Hardware
consists of the physical devices associated with a computer system
Software
set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks
Network
communications system created by linking two or more devices and establishing a standard methodology in which they can communicate
Client
computer designed to request information from a server
Server
computer dedicated to providing information in response to requests
Enterprise architect
a person grounded in technology, fluent in business, and able to provide the important bridge between MIS and the business
Information MIS infrastructure
Supporting operations: identifies where and how important information ,such as customer records, is maintained and secured
Agile MIS infrastructure
Supporting change: includes the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provides the underlying foundation to support the organization's goals
Sustainable MIS infrastructure
Supporting the environment: identifies ways that a company can grow in terms of computing resources while simultaneously becoming less dependent on hardware and energy consumption
Backup
exact copy of a system's information
Recovery
ability to get a system up and running in the event of a system's crash or failure that includes restoring the information backup
Fault tolerance
the ability for a system to respond to unexpected failures or system crashes as the backup system immediately and automatically takes over with no loss of service
Failover
a specific type of fault tolerance, occurs when a redundant storage server offers an exact replica of the real-time data, and it they primary server crashes, the users are automatically directed to the secondary server or backup server
Failback
occurs when the primary machine recovers and resumes operations, taking over from the secondary server
Disaster recovery plan
a detailed process for recovering information or a system in the event of catastrophic disaster
Hot site
separate and fully equipped facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
Warm site
a separate facility with computer equipment that requires installation and configuration
Cold site
separate facility that does not have any computer equipment but is a place where employees can meet after a disaster
Disaster recovery cost curve
charts (1) the cost to the company of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the company of recovering from a disaster over time
Business continuity plan
details how a company recovers and restores critical business operations and systems after a disaster or extended disruption
Emergency notification serve
infrastructure built for notifying people in the event of an emergency
Accessibility
refers to the varying levels that define what a user can access, view, or perform when operating a system
Administrator access
unrestricted access to the entire system
Availability
refers to the time frames when the system is operational
Unavailable
when the system is not operating and cannot be used
High availability
occurs when a system is continuously operational at all times
Maintainability (flexibility)
refers to how quickly a system can transform to support environmental changes
Portability
refers to the ability of an application to operate on different devices or software platforms, such as different operating systems
Reliability (accuracy)
ensures a system is functioning correctly and providing accurate information
Scalability
describes how well a system can scale up, or adapt to the increased demands of growth
Performance
measures how quickly a system performs a process or transaction
Capacity planning
determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance
Usability
degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use
Moore's Law
refers to the computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months
Sustainable or green MIS
describes the production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes damage to the environment
Corporate social responsibility
companies' acknowledged responsibility to society
Ewaste
refers to discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices
Sustainable MIS disposal
refers to the safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle
Grid computing
a collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem
smart grid
delivers electricity using two-way digital technology
Cloud computing
refers to the use of resources and applications hosted remotely on the Internet
Utility computing
offers a pay per use revenue model similar to a metered service such as gas or electricity
Infrastructure as a service
service that delivers hardware networking capabilities, including the use of servers, networking, and storage over the cloud using a pay per use revenue model
Dynamic scaling
MIS infrastructure can be automatically scaled up or down based on needed requirements
Software as a service
delivers applications over the cloud using a pay per use revenue model
Platform as a service
supports the deployment of entire systems including hardware, networking, and applications using a pay per revenue model
Virtualization
creates multiple "virtual" machines on a single computing device
Data center
facility used to house management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems