Black Death
deadly disease that wiped out 1/3 of Europe's population
100 years war
England vs. France; France won; Joan of Arc unified France and won it for them
Joan of Arc
French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king
Flagellants
People who whipped themselves to cleanse their sin--they thought Plague was God's punishment for sins.
Eat, drink, and be merry
method where it was thought that if they were going to die, they might as well live their life to the fullest
seclusion
people would isolate themselves and be temperate
Battle of Crecy
First major battle of the Hundred Years WarEnglish victory
Battle of Agincourt
Even though they were outnumbered, the English defeat the French yet again
Babylonian Captivity
The period when all popes were French and resided in Avignon, France, starting with Clement V. This angered Italians and led to the Great Schism.
Great Schism
A conflict in the Roman Catholic Church where there were 2 and at times 3 popes all fighting for power. The split brought the church into major conflict and weakened the religious faith of many.
Little Ice Age
Temporary but significant cooling period between the fourteenth and the nineteenth centuries; accompanied by wide temperature fluctuations, droughts, and storms, causing famines and dislocation.
Fuedal System
The economic and social system of medieval europe, lords recieved land from the King in exchane for loyalty and serfs worked the land for the lords in exchange for protection.
Dance of Death
reflects ideas about the inevitability of death
Pope
Head of the Roman Catholic Church, had enormous power during the Middle Ages
Crusades
Religious wars fought in the Holy land to "defend" it from islam
Catholic Church
central to Medieval Europeans' lives and united Western Europe during Middle Ages, headed by the pope
Plague Doctor
Wore a uniform covering every part of their body. Wore a mask with a beak that could store sweet-smelling herbs. Had no clue what to do about the black death
Serfs
A person who lived on and farmed a lords land in feudal times
Long bows
A weapon that gave the English an advantage in warfare
Marsiglo of Padua
early critic of Catholic church, believed in a council of cardinals in charge not just Pope
John Wycliffe
English scholar who argued that the Bible was the final authority for Christian life not the pope
Jan Hus
The leader of the Czech religious reforms, and the spiritual founder of the Protestant reformation in the 1500's.