increase 340 cal/day second trimester increase 452 cal/day third trimester
recommended increases in calories during pregnancy
basic growth
why to increase protein during pregnancy
neurologic developmentprevention of fetal neural tube defects
why to increase folic acid during pregnancy
leafy vegs, dried peas/beans, seeds, orange juice
foods with folic acid
600mcg
what is the recommended daily dose of folic acid while pregnant?
400mcg
what is the recommended daily dose of folic acid while during child bearing age
bone and teeth formation1,000mg/day (1300 if under 19)
why is calcium important during pregnancy and recommended daily dose
FORTIFIED MILK, JUICE, LEAFY greens, nuts, legumes
sources of calcium
increase maternal RBC mass
why is iron important during pregnancy
vitamin c
needed to absorb iron
pica
an abnormal craving or appetite for nonfood substances, such as dirt, paint, or clay that lasts for at least 1 month
Ferrous sulfate: 30 mg during 2nd and 3rd trimester (taken between meals, not with milk, coffee, or tea)Folic acid: 400 mcg (added to 200 from food=600)
needed supplements during pregnancy
Maternal Phenylketonuria
maternal genetic disease in which high levels of phenylalanine pose danger to the fetus
increase protein and caloric intake 330-400 calories/daywell balanced dietincrease fluids minus alcohol and caffeine calcium supplements if not enough in diet
nutritional plan for lactating clients
neural tube defects
congenital deformities of the brain and spinal cord caused by incomplete development of the neural tube, the embryonic structure that forms the nervous system