What is culture
habbits, customs, art, religion of a given group of people in a given time
what does it mean a culture is dynamic
it is changing and evolving
what is macroculture
the majority culture
what is acculturation
learning the behaviors and expectations of a culture
what is universal culture
we are all genetically and biologically similiar
emic counseling
the counselor helps client understand their own culture
etic counseling
counselor focuses on similiarities between people and treating people the same
autoplastic dilemma
counselor helps client change by coping with their environment
alloplastic dilemma
counselor helps client to change by changing the environment
paralanguage
tone of voice, loudness, etc.
Who developed low context vs. high context communication
Edward T. Hall
what did Edward T. Hall do?
anthropologist
what is low context communication
explicit communication, summarizing, repitition (western)
what is high context communication
implicit communication, communication relies on non verbal, relies on tradition
stereotyping
grouping people
predjudice
forming opinion based on insufficient evidence
androgynous
notion that psychologically healthy people possess both male and female characteristics
proxemic
personal space
mean tests
determine clients eligibility for a social program ex. use income to determine needs of food stamps
social insurance programs
social security where even wealthy people can qualify
Who created the social comparison theory
Leon Festinger
what is the social comparison theory
says that we evaluate our behaviors based on comparison to others
who developed Cognitive Disonance
Leon Festinger
What is cognitive disonance
individuals change beliefs to match behavior when there is a mismatch to reduce internal inconsistency
What is an example of cognitive dissonacne
saying "its only one doughnut" after saying will never have sweets
what is a worldview
way client sees the world based on attitudes, value systems, and beliefs
what percent of US population lives in poverty
15%
high monitoring individuals is in what theory
social comparison theory
high self monitoring individuals
care about their self-image and what others think of them
what is the anglo conformity theory
asserts that people from other cultures should become like the dominant culture
Who created the racial cultueal identity development model
Atkinsin, Morten, and Sue
what are the steps of the minority identity model
1. Conformity2.Dissonance3. Resistance and Immersion4. Introspection5. Synergetic articulation and awareness
what is the conformity step
lean toward dominant culture and prefer a counselor from the dominant culture
what is the dissonance step
question and confusion and perfer a counselor from a minority group