An injury to the skin caused by: Dry heat, moist heat (Scald), Electricity, Radiation, Chemicals
The Rule of Nines
-Head & Neck= 9%, -Anterior Trunk=18%, -Posterior Trunk= 18%, -Each Arm= 9% (18%), Each Leg= 18% (36%), -Genitalia & Perineum = 1%
How do we calculate the percentage of burns?
By using The Rule of Nines
Measurement of burn depth
-Superficial, Partial Thickness, Full thickness,
Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, Flamazine)
Interferes with DNA synthesis by binding to bacterial cell membrane
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon)
Bacteriostatic agent; effective against both gram- positive & gram-negative organisms
Silver Nitrate
Antimicrobial action
Chlorhexidine Gluconate
Antimicrobial
Collagenase (Santyl) w/ polymyxin B (Polysporin) powder
Digests collagen in necrotic tissue; powder prevents infection
Polymyxin B/bacitracin
Wide- spectrum antibiotic action
A large burn that results in the inflammatory response in a massive shift of water, electrolytes, & protein into the tissue cause?
Severe Edema
Superficial burn
Only affect the surface of the skin (Epidermis)Skin will be red & painful, not blistered. * Ex: Mild Sunburn
partial thickness
(Second degree) A skin injury commonly caused by exposure to heat for a limited time. Are grouped based on how deep the tissue is burned.
Full Thickness
(3rd degree) Commonly caused by exposure to a very high temperature for a long time
Assessment of the burn patient
ABC's, Is there redness of face or neck, Is there sputum sooty, There could be pulmonary involvement. They might have inhaled smoke
Blood work that might be ordered
CBC, BUN, ABG's, UA, Total protein/albumin (gives info about nutritional status & body's ability to maintain circulatory fluid)
health literacy