humanism
an intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities, which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, and history
vernacular
the language of everyday speech in a particular region
fresco
painting done on fresh wet plaster with water-based paints
perspective
artistic techniques used to give the effect of three-dimensional depth to two-dimensional surfaces
Mercenary
a soldier who primarily fights for pay
republic
a form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote
burgher
a member of the middle class who lived in a city or town