article 1
legislative branch
article 2
Executive Branch
article 3
Judicial Branch
article 4
Relations among the states
article 5
Amendment Process
article 6
constitutional supremacy
article 7
Ratification
amendment 1
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition/ protest
amendment 2
Right to bear arms
amendment 4
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure from government
amendment 5
Miranda rights; right to grand jury, protects self incrimination/ right to be accused
amendment 6
right to a jury trial in a civil case/ fair and speedy trial
amendment 8
protection from excessive bail, and cruel/ unusual punishment
criminal law
branch of law dealing with crimes and their punishment
felony
a serious criminal offense punishable by more than one year in prison
misdemeanor
a criminal offense punishable by less than one year in prison
civil law
all law that does not involve criminal matters. such as tort, contract law, private rights of businesses, divorce.
beyond a reasonable doubt
the level of proof required to convict a person of a crime. It doesn't mean convicted 100% but does mean there are no doubts of guilt
preponderance of the crime
usually the standard of proof used in a civil suit, the burden of proof that a party must meet in order to win the lawsuit and be more convincing than the other side
separation of powers
the division of power among the branches of government (executive, judicial, legislative)
statues
written laws enacted by legislatures
checks and balances
the power of each of the 3 branches of government to limit the other branches ยด power, to prevent an abuse
judicial review
process where courts decide whether the laws passed by Congress or state legislatures are constitutional.
Federalsim
division of powers between the states and the federal government, and also what powers they share
bill of rights
first 10 amendments of the constitution