Freeport Doctrine
residents pf a territory could still ban slavery despite what the Supreme Court decided with Dred Scott
Compromise of 1850
agreement designed to ease tensions caused by the expansion of slavery into western territories
Kansas-Nebraska Act
stephen douglas introduced to repeal the missouri compromise with popular sovereignty
Dred Scott Decision
slaves are not citizens but property
Homestead Act of 1862
this allowed a settler to acquire 160 acres by living on it for five years, improving it and paying about $30
Ostend Manifesto
attempt to buy Cuba from Spain for $20 million - not carried out
Scalawags
southern whites who supported reconstruction and the republican party
Emancipation Proclamation
lincolns announcement that all slaves in those states still rebeling would be freed
Gettysburg
July 1863 battle that was the turning point in the war. The South never advanced into the North again.
Gettysburg Address
Lincolns speech to honor fallen soldiers
13th amendment
outlawed slavery
14th amendment
full citizenship to African Americans
15th amendment
no one can be denied the right to vote based on color and race
Black codes
prevented people of color to vote, hold office, serve on juries
Radical Republicans
believed the south should be punished for Civil War and their treatment towards African Americans
Sharecropping
farmers give land portions of crop to landowners in exchange for rent
Debt Peonage
landowner forces a worker to pay off a debt with work
Carpetbagger
people from the north moved to the south after the war to take advantage of unstable social, financial and political climate
Hiram Rhodes Revels
First African American in congress
The Nadir
end of reconstruction where racism is at its highest point
Jim Crow Laws
laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites