Element
Substance that cannot be broken down to another substance by a chemical reaction.
Compound
substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a mixed ratio.
Atom
Smallest unit of matter that retains properties of an element.
Neutron
subatomic particle having no electrical charge (found in the nucleus)
Proton
subatomic particle with a single positive electrical charge.
Electron
subatomic particle with a single negative electrical charge
Isotope
one of several atomic forms of an element. same number of protons but different number of neutrons (differing atomic mass)
Covalent Bond
strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one of more pairs of valence electrons.
Molecule
two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Single bond
single covalent bond that shares a pair of valence electrons by two atoms.
Double Bond
double covalent bond, shares two pairs of valence electrons by two atoms
Anion
negatively charged ion
Cation
positively charged ion
Ionic bond
chemical bond resulting from attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Hydrogen bond
weak chemical bond formed when slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule.
VanDerWaals forces
attractions between molecules of parts of molecules that result in localized charge fluctuations.
Chemical equilibrium
state in where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of of the reverse reaction. (relative concentrations of reactants and products dont change)