building cultural skills is needed to
enhance attitudes and knowledge that are necessary to provide culturally competent care to patients during cultural encounters.
Cultural forces are
powerful determinants of health-related behavior.
Lacking knowledge/sensitivity to health beliefs/practices can
limit quality of care and cause breakdowns in communication.
The 'Pharmacists' Patient Care Process' expects
pharmacists to be able to collect information regarding patients' preferences, beliefs and socioeconomic factors
Training and confidence are required in order to
address patient-specific plans.
RESEARCH SHOWS...
Patient satisfaction, commitment to treatment, and perceived outcomes of care are greater when the healthcare provider and patient achieve a shared understanding on issues (e.g. patient's role in decision making through patient-centered care; treatment planning)
A patient's health beliefs
predicts their health behaviorsExamples: medication adherence, use of healthcare services, and lifestyle choices
Awareness of a patient's health beliefs helps
identify gaps between our own and the patient's understanding of their health situation
Health behaviors are
dynamic and are influenced by different areas, cultures, genders, age groups, etc.
HOW CULTURE INFLUENCES HEALTH CAREmacro scale
culture influences broad understanding of illness, suffering and healingculture influences social roles and economic constrains in the context of health care services
HOW CULTURE INFLUENCES HEALTH CAREmicro scale
culture influences Face-to-face interactions with health professionalsculture influences Health literacyculture influences Successful and failed cross-cultural communication
ELICITING A PATIENT'S MODEL OF ILLNESS (how they see their disease state, and how they see how medications help)
Requires a non-judgmental attitude and interest in patients' point of viewInvolves understanding & respecting the patient's cultural values, beliefs & practices even if we dont agree
when ELICITING A PATIENT'S MODEL OF ILLNESS we should consider
Common health problems or disparitiesAttitudes toward seeking help from health care providerSocioeconomic and environmental factorsFamily/community rolesCultural food preferencesReligious practices and spirituality