what are the most important elements of weather and climate that we measure?
temperature, humidity, cloudiness, precipitation(rain,snow), air pressure, wind speed and direction
water covers --- percent of the northern hemisphere
61
water covers --- percent of the southern hemisphere
81
abiotic cooling
cooling due to decrease in density
isotherms
Lines joining places that have the same temperature
albedo
Ability of a surface to reflect light
trophoshere
bottom layer, temp decreases with altitude due to adiatic cooling, tropopause
stratosphere
second layer, temp increase at top due to ozone layer taking in UV radiation. statopause
mesosphere
3rd layer, least studied, mesopause, temp decreases. No well defined upper limit
exosphere
exit to space,
altitude increases, pressure ---
decreases
Altitude decreases, pressure...
increases
what causes seasons?
The tilt of the Earth's axis(changes by day) (axis inclined 23.5)
the earth is facing the -- at different angles each day
sun
heat is transferred from ---
warmer to cooler objects
conduction
through molecular activity
convections
mass kovement within a substance
radiation
velocity 300,000 k per second (fire)
reflection
throwing back by a body or surface of light without absorbing
scattering
reflection of light in all directions
absorption
the process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
--- percent of radiation (visible light)is abosrbed by ground
50
isotherm map
MAP WITH LINES OF EQUAL TEMPERATURE
temps increase with an --- in latitude
increase
temps are greatest over ---- ocations
continental